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This website as well as the publications and online tools accessible via this website may contain UK data and analysis based on research conducted before the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union on 31 January 2020. EU averages or other statistical parameters including the UK reflect the situation in the European Union before 31 January 2020 and should not be considered as representative of the situation in the EU thereafter. Any data or information pertaining to the UK will be gradually phased out from Cedefop’s website, publications and online tools, as ongoing research projects with the United Kingdom’s participation are concluded.
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PortugalThe current VET system in Portugal is the result of a 2007 large-scale reform, which reorganised VET into a single system (Sistema Nacional de Qualificações, SNQ).
This short description contributes to better understanding of vocational education and training (VET) in Portugal, by providing insight into its distinctive features and highlighting system developments and current challenges.
EuropeWork-based learning (WBL) has risen rapidly in the policy agenda over recent years in the European Union.
Cedefop investigates how the coronavirus pandemic has accelerated digital skills demand in ICT- and non-ICT-related occupations.
GreeceThe Central Union of Chambers of Greece (KEEE) designed the project Upgrade and expansion of apprenticeships – Apprenticeship partnerships, contributing to the institutionalisation of apprenticeship in Greece as a key means of...
RomaniaIn September 2020, the National Centre for Technical VET Development (NCTVETD), under the coordination of the Ministry of Education and Research, published Methodological benchmarks for strengthening teaching and learning in initial VET as a...
SlovakiaThe year 2020 was different for VET competitions, as they had to be conducted online due to the Covid-19 pandemic.
SloveniaCedefop organised the first online workshop dedicated to sharing information and expertise on skills forecasting in Slovenia, on 4 February.
Cedefop has launched a feasibility study for a survey of vocational education and training (VET) teachers and trainers, aiming to serve the long-term EU strategy for green, digital, inclusive and fair economies.
The MIND+ project 2018-21 is implemented as a part of the umbrella project Reform of VET 2016-21. Its aim is to develop and test individualisation models of pedagogical processes, including effective approaches, actions and activities. It supports school development teams in organising more...
EstoniaEstonia has invested heavily in recent years in its skills governance, mainly through the jobs and skills forecasting system OSKA. Five years ago, the Estonian Qualifications Authority began conducting research that analyses the need for skills and labour over the next decade and compares this...
The January 2021 issue of Skillset and match, Cedefop’s magazine promoting learning for work, is now available to read and download.
FranceMeasures taken rapidly by the government and the regions at the beginning of the health crisis (March 2020) have helped to avoid an economic...
CroatiaFrom March to June 2020, during the Covid-19 lockdown and the school transition to distance learning, the Agency for VET and Adult Education (ASOO) conducted a survey on the experience, attitudes and needs associated with distance learning in Croatia. They asked 1348 IVET and CVET teachers to...
In a context of considerable interest in apprenticeship in recent years, Cedefop and the OECD decided to explore its future from the perspective of a number of megatrends, including sociodemographic changes, the accelerated adoption of emerging technologies and new forms of work organisation....
CzechiaDuring the Covid-19 pandemic, most countries introduced distance learning in schools as part of protective measures. Czechia was no exception. However, at first, during the spring of 2020, student participation was not obligatory.
FinlandThe Ministry of Education and Culture has launched the 2020-22 programme for assessing the quality and equality of vocational education and training (VET) with a total budget of more than EUR 270 million. Boosting the resources of education and instruction is a central measure of the programme....
CyprusThe Covid-19 pandemic, and the restrictive measures imposed, have affected various aspects of young people's lives, as well as the activities of youth organisations. These are the conclusions of the ad hoc Covid-19 working group established by the Youth Board of Cyprus during the first...
LithuaniaOn 30 September 2020, Minister of Education, Science and Sports Algirdas Monkevičius approved the new Procedure for the assessment of acquired competences, according to which formal vocational education and training qualifications are issued. The procedure has been coordinated with the Minister...
LatviaThe past decade was the turning point in reforming vocational education and training (VET) in Latvia. In 2009, the government concept for increasing the attractiveness of VET and social partner involvement in quality assurance launched the reform cycle that concluded with the 2020 draft...
NetherlandsWork placement discrimination is a common and persistent problem among VET students. The #KIESMIJ [#CHOOSEME] campaign was launched in November 2020 in response.
In October 2020, the training programme Youth + Digital (Jovem + Digital) was launched. This programme targets young unemployed people aged 18-35, who are upper-secondary or higher education graduates, aiming to improve...
Cedefop's concise guide to national qualifications framework developments in 38 European countries (27 EU Member States as well as Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Kosovo, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland and Turkey) in 2020.
The Skillsnet e-bulletin September – December 2020 Issue has just been published and sent to Skillsnet members.
The Portuguese Presidency of the Council of the European Union in the first half of 2021 takes place at a particularly difficult time, ‘with the COVID-19 pandemic and its social and economic consequences posing an unprecedented challenge for the EU and its Member States, requiring decisive...
In light of the growing negative impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on national labour markets and people’s lives and livelihoods, the role of career guidance has become ever more important to individuals, families, communities, the workforce, employers and society.
Cedefop’s study Financing apprenticeships in the EU is a first-time effort in systematically collecting and analysing information on financing arrangements for apprenticeship schemes in EU countries and the UK.
Cedefop analysis has demonstrated the severe impact the coronavirus pandemic is having on recruitment and employment in the EU.
Cedefop’s work on the future of vocational education and training (VET) was presented by Head of Department for VET Systems and Institutions Loukas Zahilas at Greece’s 4th EU jobs and mobility roadshow, on 16 December.
In the face of the current health crisis and the far-reaching labour market transformations it entails, the European Union and its Member States are taking action to provide all people in Europe with stronger support to employment, including upskilling and reskilling opportunities.
GermanyIn 2020 the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB) celebrates its 50th anniversary. The institute stands for the partnership in vocational education and training (VET) between the state and the business...
IrelandFurther education and training (FET) in Ireland has long played a critical role in labour market activation and in upskilling and reskilling people. In Oct 2020, 295 860 people were receiving the pandemic unemployment payment; after the second national lockdown was introduced on 21 October...
SwedenDigital and environmental changes have a major influence on the retail industry, requiring updated skills and competences in response. In June 2020, the Swedish Parliament made amendments to the Education Act as a first policy step, replacing the upper secondary business and administration...
This booklet on the latest national qualifications frameworks developments, aims to summarise and illustrate the state of play of the 43 frameworks created to date in the EU, EFTA, candidate and potential countries and the UK.
The third quarter of 2020 saw the number of job advertisements posted online rise by almost 8 million compared to the second quarter, and just 2% below the 2019 levels. This development, identified using ...
Making continuing vocational education and training (CVET) more attractive will help turn it to the new norm for adults. That was one of the main conclusions of Cedefop’s...
DenmarkIn the wake of the many economic consequences of the covid-19 virus, the Government and the social partners have reached an economic agreement to secure apprenticeships both during and after the crisis. Specifically, the agreement is to spend EUR 725 million on subsidising apprentice salaries....
NorwayTwo Norwegian researchers, Jørn Ljunggren and Julia Orupabo, have investigated how descendants of immigrants in vocational training see their educational and professional prospects. Their study (...
The 18th ReferNet annual plenary meeting brought together virtually national representatives, partners, Cedefop experts involved in the network’s activities and representatives of other organisations from 2 to 4 December.
