Vocational education and training (VET) is a cornerstone of Hungary’s educational priorities. The emphasis on VET fits with Hungary’s broader priorities for the Hungarian Presidency, such as adapting to digital and green transitions and fostering competitive higher education through strategic partnerships. The Presidency aims to promote VET alongside higher education to drive European competitiveness and economic growth.
Hungary’s VET system is uniquely positioned to address these challenges, thanks to a major reform initiated in 2019. This reform made VET an independent pillar of the economy, now managed by the minister responsible for VET under the Ministry of Culture and Innovation instead of the minister responsible for education. This change underscores the strategic importance of VET in Hungary’s economy, allowing it to meet labour market needs better and encourage innovation.
A key feature of the Hungarian VET system is its ability to respond to labour market demands. This is achieved through mechanisms that ensure curricula are closely aligned with industry requirements. The introduction of dual VET, which involves active participation by companies, has been crucial in making VET more relevant and effective. This approach not only improves students’ practical skills but also ensures a smoother transition into the workforce, as students gain employment during their dual training while earning a salary.
Partnerships for high-quality, innovative VET
Hungary emphasises the partnership between VET and higher education to promote excellence. These partnerships help develop high-quality, innovative VET programmes that meet the economy's changing needs. The certified technician programmes, a special track within the technician programme, aim to make VET the main pathway to engineering studies. Inclusivity is another key priority, with lifelong learning initiatives ensuring that all individuals, regardless of background, have access to continuous education and training opportunities.
The professional development of VET teachers is another crucial element of Hungary’s strategy. By investing in the professional development of VET teachers, Hungary ensures that they are equipped with the latest teaching skills and industry knowledge, which – as a knock-on effect – improves the quality of VET provision.
(*) This piece was adapted from the foreword of Cedefop's Vocational education and training in Hungary: short description.
