Timeline
  • 2023Approved/Agreed
  • 2024Implementation
ID number
46028

Background

A brief overview of the context and rationale of the policy development, explaining why it is implemented or why it is important.

Skilled professionals with the right competencies are essential for achieving the ambitious goals of the green transition.

The green transition relies on a workforce equipped with specialised skills, and VET must provide students with high quality education with particular emphasis on technological skills to meet the green transition demands.

As the green transition generates numerous job opportunities for skilled workers, vocational schools face new challenges as the need for updated machinery, professional development of teachers, and training in emerging green technologies.

Objectives

Goals and objectives of the policy development.

The climate vocational education and training (VET) schools in Denmark aim to make sure that VET institutions and students are leading the way for the country's green transition. These schools will:

  1. train skilled workers with the knowledge and abilities needed for key areas like transforming the energy sector, green transportation, climate-friendly farming, and sustainable construction;
  2. serve as hubs for sharing new ideas and practices with all other VET schools in Denmark.

Description

What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.

To address the need for skilled professionals with the right competencies for the green transition, three climate VET institutions have been appointed to be key drivers of the green transformation across all vocational schools. These schools will train students to become skilled workers with the knowledge and abilities needed for key areas like transforming the energy sector, green transportation, climate-friendly farming, and sustainable construction. The three climate-focused VET institutions are designed to provide ambitious students with pathways to sustainable, dynamic careers in industries undergoing rapid development.

The Danish government has allocated approximately EUR 14 million (DKK 105 million) annually from 2024 to 2028, and around EUR 4 million (30 million DKK) annually after that, for the continuing establishment and operation of three specialised climate VET institutions. The funding supports the development of modern facilities, advanced technology, and teacher training to equip students with the skills required for future green jobs. These schools serve as innovation hubs, sharing knowledge across the VET system to help Denmark meet sustainability and green technology goals.

The three climate VET institutions specialise in different key areas:

Rybners (Esbjerg, Jutland) - Rybners specialises in the transformation of the energy sector, focusing on technologies like wind energy, heat pumps, and solar power. It...

To address the need for skilled professionals with the right competencies for the green transition, three climate VET institutions have been appointed to be key drivers of the green transformation across all vocational schools. These schools will train students to become skilled workers with the knowledge and abilities needed for key areas like transforming the energy sector, green transportation, climate-friendly farming, and sustainable construction. The three climate-focused VET institutions are designed to provide ambitious students with pathways to sustainable, dynamic careers in industries undergoing rapid development.

The Danish government has allocated approximately EUR 14 million (DKK 105 million) annually from 2024 to 2028, and around EUR 4 million (30 million DKK) annually after that, for the continuing establishment and operation of three specialised climate VET institutions. The funding supports the development of modern facilities, advanced technology, and teacher training to equip students with the skills required for future green jobs. These schools serve as innovation hubs, sharing knowledge across the VET system to help Denmark meet sustainability and green technology goals.

The three climate VET institutions specialise in different key areas:

Rybners (Esbjerg, Jutland) - Rybners specialises in the transformation of the energy sector, focusing on technologies like wind energy, heat pumps, and solar power. It will develop advanced training programmes for teachers and share knowledge across VET institutions to meet the needs of the energy industry.

Herningsholm vocational college and upper secondary school (Herning, Jutland) - Specialising in climate-friendly agriculture and sustainable construction, Herningsholm focusses on 3D printing, recycled materials, and reducing waste in construction. In agriculture, it emphasises precision farming, automation, and regenerative practices to enhance sustainability. The school is building a new sustainable agricultural campus to support these initiatives.

Technical Education Copenhagen (TEC) (Greater Copenhagen) - TEC focusses on green transport and offers training programmes for electric vehicle technicians, logistics operators, and mechanics. It recently launched the Centre for Transport Technology, Denmark's first hub for green transport innovation. TEC will expand its role as a testing and development centre, working with industry partners to train students for the future of green transportation.

In the future, students from other schools will also be able to join courses offered by these climate-focused schools, either at their school or at one of the climate VET schools.

2023
Approved/Agreed

The funds for the climate VET schools were allocated as part of the Finance Act for 2023, with approximately EUR 14 million (DKK 100 million) set aside annually from 2023 to 2028 and around EUR 4 million (DKK 30 million) annually from 2029 onwards. The funds for 2023 were distributed as a one-year special grant.

2024
Implementation

The government nominated the three new climate VET schools in September 2024. The funds, which are included in the Finance Act 2024 and were previously allocated as special grants, will be distributed from 2024 onwards to further establish the three climate VET schools.

Bodies responsible

This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
  • Ministry of Children and Education

Target groups

Those who are positively and directly affected by the measures of the policy development; those on the list are specifically defined in the EU VET policy documents. A policy development can be addressed to one or several target groups.

Learners

  • Learners in upper secondary, including apprentices

Education professionals

  • Teachers

Entities providing VET

  • VET providers (all kinds)

Thematic categories

Thematic categories capture main aspects of the decision-making and operation of national VET and LLL systems. These broad areas represent key elements that all VET and LLL systems have to different extents and in different combinations, and which come into focus depending on the EU and national priorities. Thematic categories are further divided into thematic sub-categories. Based on their description, policy developments can be assigned to one or several thematic categories.

Modernising VET infrastructure

This thematic category looks at how VET schools and companies providing VET are supported to update and upgrade their physical infrastructure for teaching and learning, including digital and green technologies, so that learners in all VET programmes and specialities have access to state-of-the-art equipment and are able to acquire relevant and up-to-date vocational and technical skills and competences. Modernising infrastructure in remote and rural areas increases the inclusiveness of VET and LLL.

Making VET institutions sustainable and green

This thematic sub-category refers to initiatives where VET institutions or companies providing VET not only ‘teach’ about environmental and social sustainability but implement green and sustainable principles in their physical infrastructure, e.g. using renewable energy, applying organic agriculture on their premises, recycling, using learning and training materials sustainably, etc.

Modernising VET offer and delivery

This thematic category looks at what and how individuals learn, how learning content and learning outcomes in initial and continuing VET are defined, adapted and updated. First and foremost, it examines how VET standards, curricula, programmes and training courses are updated and modernised or new ones created. Updated and renewed VET content ensures that learners acquire a balanced mix of competences that address modern demands, and are more closely aligned with the realities of the labour market, including key competences, digital competences and skills for green transition and sustainability, both sector-specific and across sectors. Using learning outcomes as a basis is important to facilitate this modernisation, including modularisation of VET programmes. Updating and developing teaching and learning materials to support the above is also part of the category.

The thematic category continues to focus on strengthening high-quality and inclusive apprenticeships and work-based learning in real-life work environments and in line with the European framework for quality and effective apprenticeships. It looks at expanding apprenticeship to continuing vocational training and at developing VET programmes at EQF levels 5-8 for better permeability and lifelong learning and to support the need for higher vocational skills.

This thematic category also focuses on VET delivery through a mix of open, digital and participative learning environments, including workplaces conducive to learning, which are flexible, more adaptable to the ways individuals learn, and provide more access and outreach to various groups of learners, diversifying modes of learning and exploiting the potential of digital learning solutions and blended learning to complement face-to-face learning.

Centres of vocational excellence that connect VET to innovation and skill ecosystems and facilitate stronger cooperation with business and research also fall into this category.

Modernising VET standards, curricula, programmes and training courses

VET standards and curricula define the content and outcomes of learning, most often at national or sectoral levels. VET programmes are based on standards and curricula and refer to specific vocations/occupations. They all need to be regularly reviewed, updated and aligned with the needs of the labour market and society. They need to include a balanced mix of vocational and technical skills corresponding to economic cycles, evolving jobs and working methods, and key competences, providing for resilience, lifelong learning, employability, social inclusion, active citizenship, sustainable awareness and personal development (Council of the European Union, 2020). The thematic sub-category also refers to establishing new VET programmes, reducing their number or discontinuing some. It also includes design of CVET programmes and training courses to adapt to labour market, sectoral or individual up- and re-skilling needs.

Integrating green transition and sustainability in VET curricula and programmes

Green transition and environmental sustainability have a significant place in the EU agenda (Green Deal), including the agenda for VET. This thematic sub-category refers to identifying in cooperation with industry, incorporating into VET curricula and programmes and teaching the skills related and needed for the green transition, including sector- and occupation-specific skills and those across sectors. It covers measures aimed at ‘greening’ VET programmes, including awareness and knowledge about climate change, green technologies and innovation, energy efficiency, circular economy and environmental sustainability. It also includes the use of appropriate learning methods that develop such awareness.

Teachers, trainers and school leaders competences

Competent and motivated VET teachers in schools and trainers in companies are crucial to VET becoming innovative and relevant, agile, resilient, flexible, inclusive and lifelong.

This thematic category comprises policies and practices of initial training and continuing professional development approaches in a systemic and systematic manner. It also looks at measures aiming to update (entry) requirements and make teaching and training careers attractive and bring more young and talented individuals and business professionals into teaching and training. Supporting VET educators by equipping them with adequate competences, skills and tools for the green transition and digital teaching and learning are addressed in separate thematic sub-categories.

The measures in this category target teachers and school leaders, company trainers and mentors, adult educators and guidance practitioners.

Supporting teachers and trainers for green transition and sustainability

This thematic sub-category is in line with the EU policy focus on the green transition and sustainability, and refers to professional development and other measures to prepare and support teachers and trainers in raising learners’ awareness of the green transition and sustainable development, and teaching and training them on skills necessary for the green transition. It also covers the development and availability of tools and resources on sustainability and green transition for teachers and trainers.

European priorities in VET

EU priorities in VET and LLL are set in the Council Recommendation for VET for sustainable competitiveness, social fairness and resilience, adopted on 24 November 2020 and in the Osnabrück Declaration on VET endorsed on 30 November 2020.

VET Recommendation

  • VET as a driver for innovation and growth preparing for digital and green transitions and occupations in high demand

Osnabrück Declaration

  • Sustainability - a green link in VET

Subsystem

Part of the vocational education and training and lifelong learning systems the policy development applies to.
IVET
CVET

Country

Type of development

Policy developments are divided into three types: strategy/action plan; regulation/legislation; and practical measure/initiative.
Regulation/Legislation
Cite as

Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Climate vocational education and training (VET) institutions: Denmark. In Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Timeline of VET policies in Europe (2024 update) [Online tool].

https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/sk/tools/timeline-vet-policies-europe/search/46028