Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) at School in Europe

This publication contains a detailed analysis of how the provision of CLIL is organised, the status of the target languages, the subjects concerned in the curriculum, and measures for the training and recruitment of appropriate teachers, the shortage of whom is identified as one of the main barriers to implementing this type of tuition.

Key findings:

• In most European countries, CLIL provision is a part of mainstream school education. Pilot projects are operating in around ten countries.
• In most cases, the target languages are a combination of regional and/or minority languages and foreign languages.
• CLIL type provision may generally be associated with any subject in the school curriculum, although in some countries it is mainly used to teach science subjects or social sciences in secondary education.
• Very few countries require that teachers should hold a special certificate to work in this kind of provision.
• The main barrier to CLIL becoming more widespread is the lack of appropriately qualified teachers.