Timeline
  • 2015Approved/Agreed
  • 2016Implementation
  • 2017Implementation
  • 2018Implementation
  • 2019Implementation
  • 2020Implementation
  • 2021Implementation
  • 2022Implementation
  • 2023Completed
ID number
28376

Background

A brief overview of the context and rationale of the policy development, explaining why it is implemented or why it is important.

In its 2015 national reform programme, Luxembourg indicated its intention to reform the professional development of teachers and trainers.

Objectives

Goals and objectives of the policy development.

Definition and implementation of the initial teacher training, in which the basic knowledge and skills of the profession are integrated.

Description

What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.

Following the 2015 reform, a candidate for the teaching profession first has to take preliminary tests in the three national languages (German, French and Luxembourgish) followed by a competitive examination (concours) organised by the Ministry of National Education. Then an induction phase is obligatory; by law amendment of July 2019, the duration of the initial induction phase has been reduced from three to two years. During this phase, which combines theory and practice, participants already work as teachers. At the end of the programme, they receive a certificate based on the evaluation of their portfolios. The reform of the induction phase was aligned with the overall reform of public administration agents.

A subsequent regulation in 2015 set out the competences that teachers have to develop during the induction phase and in their first years in service. These include competence-based teaching and assessment, as well as using ICT for teaching and learning. The regulation also specified criteria for the assessment of candidate teachers.

Since the academic year 2016/17, a second route to the teaching profession is available: a master programme in secondary education (EQF 7), at the University of Luxembourg. It offers courses in didactics for students holding a bachelor degree in mathematics, or in German language and literature, or in French language and literature.

2015
Approved/Agreed
2016
Implementation
2017
Implementation
2018
Implementation
2019
Implementation

Since 2019, the on-the-training evaluation was changed and the number of certifying exams was reduced. Training programmes in the induction phase are more personalised, responding to individual and track-related training needs.

The educational accompaniment of teaching interns improved. Trainees are offered didactic and pedagogical training, and obtain, upon completion, a diploma Certificat de formation pédagogique. The accompaniment has been extended for one year ('phase d'approfondissement') beyond the initial cycle of two years as of 2019.

The 2019 reform introduced a coherent induction structure for all professionals in public education (primary and secondary school teachers, psychological and educational staff, employees, and civil servants). The reform was aligned with the overall reform of public administration agents.

2020
Implementation

2020 should have been a year dedicated to the implementation of the 2019 law but, due to the pandemic, the training and assessment arrangements of the initial training programmes of teachers had to be adapted.

2021
Implementation

In 2021, the implementation of the 2019 legislative amendments, which were delayed due to the pandemic, continued.

2022
Implementation

Following the implementation of the 2019 law, Training Institute for National Education (IFEN) pursued the initial training of teachers and offered training paths with the link between theory and practice, reflective practice and individualisation as common threads.

2023
Completed

The nine areas of competence (1. Act as a professional, 2. Place your actions in a collective dynamic, 3. Cooperate with parents, 4. Design and implement learning situations, 5. Organise the functioning of the class group,6. Assess learning, 7. Master psycho-pedagogical and subject-specific knowledge, 8. Communicate with learners and partners inside and outside the school, 9. Master information and communication technologies applied to teaching) defined by law have been updated on the basis of new empirical research in educational sciences on professions in the education sector. They are not only of particular importance for professional training and practice, but can also provide starting points for continuing training.

IFEN has stepped up its regular exchanges with the teacher trainee delegation in order to be better attuned to their needs. A consultancy group made up of 10 members of secondary school management was set up, and consultations led to proposals aimed at improving the professional integration of trainees within secondary schools, as well as collaboration between IFEN and secondary school management.

Bodies responsible

This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
  • Ministry of Education, Children and Youth
  • Training Institute for National Education (IFEN)

Target groups

Those who are positively and directly affected by the measures of the policy development; those on the list are specifically defined in the EU VET policy documents. A policy development can be addressed to one or several target groups.

Education professionals

  • Teachers

Thematic categories

Thematic categories capture main aspects of the decision-making and operation of national VET and LLL systems. These broad areas represent key elements that all VET and LLL systems have to different extents and in different combinations, and which come into focus depending on the EU and national priorities. Thematic categories are further divided into thematic sub-categories. Based on their description, policy developments can be assigned to one or several thematic categories.

Modernising VET offer and delivery

This thematic category looks at what and how individuals learn, how learning content and learning outcomes in initial and continuing VET are defined, adapted and updated. First and foremost, it examines how VET standards, curricula, programmes and training courses are updated and modernised or new ones created. Updated and renewed VET content ensures that learners acquire a balanced mix of competences that address modern demands, and are more closely aligned with the realities of the labour market, including key competences, digital competences and skills for green transition and sustainability, both sector-specific and across sectors. Using learning outcomes as a basis is important to facilitate this modernisation, including modularisation of VET programmes. Updating and developing teaching and learning materials to support the above is also part of the category.

The thematic category continues to focus on strengthening high-quality and inclusive apprenticeships and work-based learning in real-life work environments and in line with the European framework for quality and effective apprenticeships. It looks at expanding apprenticeship to continuing vocational training and at developing VET programmes at EQF levels 5-8 for better permeability and lifelong learning and to support the need for higher vocational skills.

This thematic category also focuses on VET delivery through a mix of open, digital and participative learning environments, including workplaces conducive to learning, which are flexible, more adaptable to the ways individuals learn, and provide more access and outreach to various groups of learners, diversifying modes of learning and exploiting the potential of digital learning solutions and blended learning to complement face-to-face learning.

Centres of vocational excellence that connect VET to innovation and skill ecosystems and facilitate stronger cooperation with business and research also fall into this category.

Acquiring key competences

This thematic sub-category refers to acquisition of key competences and basic skills for all, from an early age and throughout their life, including those acquired as part of qualifications and curricula. Key competences include knowledge, skills and attitudes needed by all for personal fulfilment and development, employability and lifelong learning, social inclusion, active citizenship and sustainable awareness. Key competences include literacy; multilingual; science, technology, engineering and mathematical (STEM); digital; personal, social and learning to learn; active citizenship, entrepreneurship, cultural awareness and expression (Council of the European Union, 2018).

Teachers, trainers and school leaders competences

Competent and motivated VET teachers in schools and trainers in companies are crucial to VET becoming innovative and relevant, agile, resilient, flexible, inclusive and lifelong.

This thematic category comprises policies and practices of initial training and continuing professional development approaches in a systemic and systematic manner. It also looks at measures aiming to update (entry) requirements and make teaching and training careers attractive and bring more young and talented individuals and business professionals into teaching and training. Supporting VET educators by equipping them with adequate competences, skills and tools for the green transition and digital teaching and learning are addressed in separate thematic sub-categories.

The measures in this category target teachers and school leaders, company trainers and mentors, adult educators and guidance practitioners.

Systematic approaches to and opportunities for initial and continuous professional development of school leaders, teachers and trainers

This thematic sub-category refers to all kinds of initial and continuing professional development (CPD) for VET educators who work in vocational schools and in companies providing VET. VET educators include teachers and school leaders, trainers and company managers involved in VET, as well as adult educators and guidance practitioners – those who work in school- and work-based settings. The thematic sub-category includes national strategies, training programmes or individual courses to address the learning needs of VET educators and to develop their vocational (technical) skills, and pedagogical (teaching) skills and competences. Such programmes concern state-of-the-art vocational pedagogy, innovative teaching methods, and competences needed to address evolving teaching environments, e.g. teaching in multicultural settings, working with learners at risk of early leaving, etc.

Supporting teachers and trainers for and through digital

This thematic sub-category is in line with the EU policy focus on the digital transition, and refers to professional development and other measures to prepare and support teachers and trainers in teaching their learners digital skills and competences. It also covers measures and support for them to increase their own digital skills and competences, including for teaching in virtual environments, working with digital tools and applying digital pedagogies. Emergency measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic also fall into this sub-category.

Subsystem

Part of the vocational education and training and lifelong learning systems the policy development applies to.
IVET

Further reading

Sources for further reading where readers can find more information on policy developments: links to official documents, dedicated websites, project pages. Some sources may only be available in national languages.

Country

Type of development

Policy developments are divided into three types: strategy/action plan; regulation/legislation; and practical measure/initiative.
Practical measure/Initiative
Cite as

Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Reforming initial teacher training: Luxembourg. In Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Timeline of VET policies in Europe (2024 update) [Online tool].

https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/sv/tools/timeline-vet-policies-europe/search/28376