Timeline
  • 2017Implementation
  • 2018Implementation
  • 2019Implementation
  • 2020Implementation
  • 2021Implementation
  • 2022Completed
ID number
28453

Background

A brief overview of the context and rationale of the policy development, explaining why it is implemented or why it is important.

VET qualifications leading to the labour market should include three parts: further education, training and, third, they should enable learners to participate in society. Through the Civic Agenda, the Ministry of Education and the MBO Council want to further improve citizenship education in upper secondary VET. In a fast-changing and increasingly complex world, where the danger of polarisation and intolerance is on the horizon, the importance of good citizenship education is increasing.

Objectives

Goals and objectives of the policy development.

The aim of the Civic Agenda 2017-21 is to encourage all VET colleges to offer high-quality citizenship education meeting the different education needs of VET learners.

Description

What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.

In 2017, the education ministry and the Association of VET colleges (MBO Raad), representing all VET schools, launched an agenda to strengthen civic competences of VET learners by updating VET curricula. In cooperation with the Knowledge point citizenship in VET, schools are being supported in implementing the Civic Agenda 2017-21.

A self-evaluation tool will be made available to schools by mid-2020. This instrument will enable schools to assess their starting situation and current approach to citizenship: vision, education, professionalisation and impact. Subsequently, they are given practical suggestions on how to improve on all of these themes.

2017
Implementation
2018
Implementation
2019
Implementation

VET colleges and the education ministry are cooperating on the implementation of the Civic Agenda 2017-21. In 2019, special attention was given to the elaboration of its principles:

  1. research to identify common principles, which was conducted via citizenship labs at several VET colleges;
  2. the development of a continual programme starting in secondary education up to upper secondary VET;
  3. responding to social issues;
  4. improving the quality of civic education;
  5. professionalisation of teachers;
  6. cooperation with organisations in the social domain.

The Minister for Education reflected that in two years a lot had been done to increase the quality of citizenship education at VET colleges, but that still many schools needed to develop their vision on citizenship education. The self-evaluation tool for schools, to be delivered in 2020, will be an important instrument for reaching this goal.

2020
Implementation

The self-evaluation tool, which should help schools and teachers to develop their vision on citizenship education, has been made available via the Civic Agenda website.

2021
Implementation

Explanatory meetings were held to inform users about the use of the self-evaluation tool for the Civic-agenda.

2022
Completed

The civic agenda has been evaluated and concluded. New measures are proposed, but no longer as part of the Civic Agenda.

Bodies responsible

This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
  • Ministry of Education, Culture and Science
  • Council for upper secondary VET schools (MBO Raad)

Target groups

Those who are positively and directly affected by the measures of the policy development; those on the list are specifically defined in the EU VET policy documents. A policy development can be addressed to one or several target groups.

Learners

  • Learners in upper secondary, including apprentices

Thematic categories

Thematic categories capture main aspects of the decision-making and operation of national VET and LLL systems. These broad areas represent key elements that all VET and LLL systems have to different extents and in different combinations, and which come into focus depending on the EU and national priorities. Thematic categories are further divided into thematic sub-categories. Based on their description, policy developments can be assigned to one or several thematic categories.

Modernising VET offer and delivery

This thematic category looks at what and how individuals learn, how learning content and learning outcomes in initial and continuing VET are defined, adapted and updated. First and foremost, it examines how VET standards, curricula, programmes and training courses are updated and modernised or new ones created. Updated and renewed VET content ensures that learners acquire a balanced mix of competences that address modern demands, and are more closely aligned with the realities of the labour market, including key competences, digital competences and skills for green transition and sustainability, both sector-specific and across sectors. Using learning outcomes as a basis is important to facilitate this modernisation, including modularisation of VET programmes. Updating and developing teaching and learning materials to support the above is also part of the category.

The thematic category continues to focus on strengthening high-quality and inclusive apprenticeships and work-based learning in real-life work environments and in line with the European framework for quality and effective apprenticeships. It looks at expanding apprenticeship to continuing vocational training and at developing VET programmes at EQF levels 5-8 for better permeability and lifelong learning and to support the need for higher vocational skills.

This thematic category also focuses on VET delivery through a mix of open, digital and participative learning environments, including workplaces conducive to learning, which are flexible, more adaptable to the ways individuals learn, and provide more access and outreach to various groups of learners, diversifying modes of learning and exploiting the potential of digital learning solutions and blended learning to complement face-to-face learning.

Centres of vocational excellence that connect VET to innovation and skill ecosystems and facilitate stronger cooperation with business and research also fall into this category.

Acquiring key competences

This thematic sub-category refers to acquisition of key competences and basic skills for all, from an early age and throughout their life, including those acquired as part of qualifications and curricula. Key competences include knowledge, skills and attitudes needed by all for personal fulfilment and development, employability and lifelong learning, social inclusion, active citizenship and sustainable awareness. Key competences include literacy; multilingual; science, technology, engineering and mathematical (STEM); digital; personal, social and learning to learn; active citizenship, entrepreneurship, cultural awareness and expression (Council of the European Union, 2018).

Teachers, trainers and school leaders competences

Competent and motivated VET teachers in schools and trainers in companies are crucial to VET becoming innovative and relevant, agile, resilient, flexible, inclusive and lifelong.

This thematic category comprises policies and practices of initial training and continuing professional development approaches in a systemic and systematic manner. It also looks at measures aiming to update (entry) requirements and make teaching and training careers attractive and bring more young and talented individuals and business professionals into teaching and training. Supporting VET educators by equipping them with adequate competences, skills and tools for the green transition and digital teaching and learning are addressed in separate thematic sub-categories.

The measures in this category target teachers and school leaders, company trainers and mentors, adult educators and guidance practitioners.

Systematic approaches to and opportunities for initial and continuous professional development of school leaders, teachers and trainers

This thematic sub-category refers to all kinds of initial and continuing professional development (CPD) for VET educators who work in vocational schools and in companies providing VET. VET educators include teachers and school leaders, trainers and company managers involved in VET, as well as adult educators and guidance practitioners – those who work in school- and work-based settings. The thematic sub-category includes national strategies, training programmes or individual courses to address the learning needs of VET educators and to develop their vocational (technical) skills, and pedagogical (teaching) skills and competences. Such programmes concern state-of-the-art vocational pedagogy, innovative teaching methods, and competences needed to address evolving teaching environments, e.g. teaching in multicultural settings, working with learners at risk of early leaving, etc.

Subsystem

Part of the vocational education and training and lifelong learning systems the policy development applies to.
IVET

Country

Type of development

Policy developments are divided into three types: strategy/action plan; regulation/legislation; and practical measure/initiative.
Practical measure/Initiative
Cite as

Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Civic Agenda 2017-21: Netherlands. In Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Timeline of VET policies in Europe (2024 update) [Online tool].

https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/sl/tools/timeline-vet-policies-europe/search/28453