Country fiches

No community-wide coordination of mobility policies, and no plans for setting up any.

There is no overall coordination for the IVET mobility policy in general.

There is no overall coordination for the IVET mobility policy in general.

The process of IVET mobility is coordinated in a centralized way from the Erasmus+ NA through the participation of the interested stakeholders in mobility activities under KA1 and partnership activities under KA2. In addition, the National Agency for Vocational Education and Training is coordinating and promoting the use of ECVET for IVET in the country.

Part of the IVET mobility policy is coordinated, but there are no plans for making coordination overall. The Ministry of Science and Education, as the competent institution for this area, developed the Strategic Plan for the period 2016-2018 where different thematic areas are elaborated and coordinated. The system of education focuses on enabling learners to acquire knowledge, skills and values necessary for a successful life in modern society that will prepare them for lifelong learning and work and allow them to become creative, active and self-confident individuals responsible for personal and social development. These goals are consistent with the strategic framework and strategic objectives of EU regarding the field of education and training. Some of the goals are: developing lifelong learning and mobility; improving the quality and effectiveness of education and training in all areas; promoting equality, social cohesion and active citizenship; enhancing creativity and innovation, including entrepreneurship, at all levels. The VET system is in the process of professional development to enable better visibility, sustainability, competitiveness and mobility of young people, and facilitate the transition from the education system to work. Projects and activities aimed at the internationalization of VET through mobility of learners (and teachers) and cooperation projects and various partnerships with foreign schools and institutions are encouraged.

There is no overall coordination for the IVET mobility policy in general.

Part of the IVET mobility policy is coordinated, but there are no plans for making coordination overall. The national authorities and bodies use and apply the rules of Erasmus+ programme for coordination of IVET mobility policy.

There is no overall coordination for the IVET mobility policy in general. However, the Erasmus+ National Agency coordinates the activities of the ECVET experts who are guiding the VET colleges in the use of ECVET terminology and providing quality assurance of the units of learning outcomes.

The IVET mobility policy in general is coordinated by the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research. The ministry has delegated the coordination of IVET mobility actions to the Archimedes Foundation that is responsible for the whole Erasmus+ and Nordplus mobility programmes.

The IVET mobility policy in general is coordinated. The Finnish National Agency for Education (EDUFI) with the support of the Ministry of Education and Culture has a task to support and promote IVET mobility policy. This takes place particularly through programmes and funding schemes run by EDUFI and by training and supporting the VET providers with their tasks.

A Standing Committee on European and International Mobility for Young People and Regional Committees on European and International Mobility for Young People have been set. Regional Committees (Corémob) are chaired jointly by representatives of the Central Government (Regional Prefect and Rector) and the President of the Regional Government. They are composed of stakeholders involved in mobility issues, whether in formal education, informal education, vocational training or the business world. Corémob is the regional-level strategic and political body for mobility. Corémobs draw up joint diagnostics and develop three-year mobility development plans. Assessed annually, the plans may be revised.

The IVET mobility policy and mobility process in general are framed by the federal act on VET. The most important goals are coordinated by authorities at the federal level, i.e. the Federal Ministry of Education and research (BMBF) and the Federal Ministry Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi), and at the state level by ministries of education. The relevant national services providing funding for transnational mobility cooperate closely and share ideas and information about their activities.

Part of the IVET mobility policy is coordinated, and it is planned to make coordination overall. According to the existing process, the Erasmus+ National Agency is responsible for the monitoring, administrative and financial implementation of the projects and thus brings stakeholders together to discuss mobility issues in Greece. Also, the Working Group for the strengthening of cross-border mobility of learners and teachers potentially could coordinate IVET mobility policy. IKY (as the Erasmus+ National Agency) is foreseen among the participating stakeholders in this Working Group.

The IVET mobility policy in general is coordinated. A general procedure to coordinate IVET mobility policy is in place. The legal framework for learning mobility is the Hungarian Public Education Act (1) and its amendments. The Tempus Public Foundation is responsible for the coordination of mobility projects, in cooperation with the Ministry for Innovation and Technology and the Ministry of Human Capacities. The recognition of foreign professional qualifications is under the responsibility of the Hungarian Equivalence and Information Centre (Magyar Ekvivalencia és Információs Központ), within the Hungarian Educational Authority (Oktatási Hivatal).
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(1) No. CXC, passed December 29, 2011

There is no overall process to coordinate the IVET mobility policy.

Ireland has not set up any coordination process for the mobility policy in IVET.

Overall coordination of the IVET moblity policy is underway. Any overall process to coordinate IVET mobility policies is strongly influenced by the national institutional framework and governance of the education and vocational training system. Nevertheless there is the intention to set up one as stated by the several legislative innovations introduced aimed at ensuring more quality and efficiency of the education and VET system, stronger coordination among education and market of labour policies, enhance and in depth reorganization of all the institutional services for active labour market policies. For example, significant innovative measures in the coordination of national policies for the IVET Mobility - regarding both information and guidance and Administrative and institutional issues – took place, as a consequence of direct and indirect effects of institutional reorganisation of competencies and of the launch of the new National Agency for Active Labour Market Policies (ANPAL), which was established with the Legislative Decree n. 150/2015, in compliance with the Jobs Act (L. n. 183/2014).

The IVET mobility policy in general is coordinated. According to Cabinet of Ministers Regulations "Statutes of State Education Development Agency" (1), State Education Development Agency (SEDA) implements the national policy in education, science and innovations, ensures implementation of Erasmus+ programme including learning mobility of vocational education students and staff, and serves as the National Information Office of the Nordic Council of Ministers' programme Nordplus, in charge of initial vocational education mobility issues.
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(1) http://likumi.lv/ta/id/253757-valsts-izglitibas-attistibas-agenturas-nol... (2012)

The IVET mobility policy in general is coordinated. Currently the measures implemented within the Erasmus+ programme are coordinated by the Erasmus+ National Agency in close cooperation with the Ministry of Education and Science. The Erasmus+ programme covers the entire country and 90% state VET institutions. Taking into account the existing institutional framework of the mobility policy, no changes to coordination of mobility policy are planned.

The IVET mobility policy in general is coordinated. IVET mobility policy is defined at a national level by the Ministry of National Education, Children and Youth. In addition, regarding the Obligatory mobility, it is planed that each year, the partners report the progress of the implementation of the Framework Agreement to the Summit of the Greater Region. The conclusions are published and transmitted for opinion to the Interregional Parliamentary Council as well as to the Economic and Social Committee of the Greater Region. The monitoring of the framework agreement implementation and the coordination of reporting responsibility are under the responsibility of the WG Labour Market of the Greater Region Summit, supported by the Secretariat of the Greater Region Summit.
From partners' reports and opinions of the Interregional Parliamentary Council and the Economic and Social Committee of the Greater Region, the WG Labor Market of the Greater Region Summit makes recommendations which will then be adopted by the Greater Region Summit and brought to the attention of the partners.

EUPA is the NA mandated with coordinating policy related to IVET mobility. It holds regular different types of meetings with stakeholders to ensure that the targets set out in its plans are met.

The Ministry of Education, Culture and Science is responsible for policy- and target/agenda-setting, in which VET(including mobility) is taken very seriously. However, this is not a top-down proces. National coordination through the different thematic areas is a collective proces in which partners and stakeholders are involved. These partners - including VET schools - together facilitate mobility and themes are on the agenda where necessary.

Part of the IVET mobility policy is coordinated, and it is planned to make coordination overall. In Norway, coordination is developed between public bodies (Diku, The Norwegian Agency for Quality Assurance in Education, and the Norwegian Directorate of Education and Training) responsible for the mobility tools (EQF, ECVET, EQAVET, Euroguidance, ReferNet, Europass, Erasmus+). Representatives from the concerned bodies have initiated informal meetings twice a year with The Ministry of Education in order to keep each other informed about the latest developments concerning implementation of the mobility tools. The network has also co-organised annual seminars on mobility directed at VET providers. These seminars usually provide annual updates of topical interest on the national development of the mobility tools. This is to ensure a coordinated implementation of the mobility tools.
The coordination of IVET mobility policy is not only at national level but also a theme between the Nordic countries. They have agreed about equal rights for learners at upper secondary level. The countries have committed mutually access to theoretical and vocational education for the residents. The agreement became effective in March 2008 (1).
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(1) www.norden.org

It is worth mentioning that the provision of IVET in Poland, while governed and quality assured by the Ministry of National Education (or, in the case of a number of occupations - by the Polish Crafts Association), is decentralised. Part of the IVET mobility policy is coordinated, but there are no plans for having an overall coordination conducted by one body. There are no explicit and overall processes to coordinate all of the thematic areas. Partial processes take place in the Ministry of National Education and in the Foundation for the Development of the Education System – FRSE,(1), the Polish National Agency for the Erasmus+ Programme.
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(1) http://www.frse.org.pl/)

Coordination is in place as regards the Erasmus+ programme. The Erasmus+ National Agency includes in its Work Programme all issues related to its strategy concerning VET mobility, including actions, relevant stakeholders, objectives and targets. This is done in order to develop a coherent process along the year and up to 2020, to accomplish mobility objectives for Erasmus+.

The overall policy for learning mobility in IVET is to some extent coordinated. Coordination is ensured by the Erasmus+ National Agency.

There is no overall coordination for the IVET mobility policy in general. VET schools are autonomous as regards mobility issues.

The Centre of the Republic of Slovenia for Mobility and European Educational and Training Programmes (CMEPIUS) coordinates part of the existing mobility activities.

Part of the IVET mobility policy is coordinated. In the case of VET in the education system, coordination actions are mainly carried out at school level with the support of the educational authorities. Both at school, regional and state level, there are various structures in which policies on VET are debated, proposed to the next level, solutions are requested or given, agreements are reached, etc. in order to coordinate them within the education system, being one of these policies mobility in VET. These structures comprise the different stakeholders at each level. In the same sense, Erasmus+ programme and Eures use satisfaction surveys and external evaluation that cover different dimensions.
Within the employment strand, there is an item on "Management of European tools to encourage mobility in vocational qualification and training" that includes the management of programmes and instruments to facilitate mobility for vocational qualification and training at European level.

The IVET mobility policy in general is coordinated. Mobility policy is coordinated under the responsibility of the Swedish Council for Higher Education.

Part of the IVET mobility policy is coordinated, but there are no plans to enforce national policy coordination across the UK. The Erasmus+ National Agency and the UK European Coordination Group for VET Initiatives bring VET stakeholders together to discuss mobility issues in the UK, but individual providers of learning mobility operate with a high degree of autonomy and national government departments in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland set targets for education related issues separately, so there is no formal process of coordinating mobility policy for the UK as a whole.
Also, a UK Programme Board (made up of UK and Devolved Administration Government departments), Sector Consultative Groups and Country Advisory Groups (Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland) meet to discuss mobility policy and initiatives amongst stakeholders with the Erasmus+ National Agency.