| Title: | Timeline of VET policies in Europe |
| ISSN: | 2811-6909 |
| Cite as: | Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2026). Timeline of VET policies in Europe (2025 update) [Online tool]. https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/tools/timeline-vet-policies-europe. |
The Timeline of VET policies in Europe is an interactive policy intelligence tool developed by Cedefop in cooperation with the ReferNet, its European network of expertise in VET.
The Timeline systematically documents policy developments in VET and LLL across the EU-27, Iceland and Norway. The data are updated annually.
The tool:
- enables policy-makers to compare national approaches, identify examples of practice, and improve policy design through real-world examples;
- provides policy analysts with structured, comparable data and filters for trend identification and longitudinal studies across countries; a full dataset is available;
- supports practitioners in learning from policies in practice and adapting initiatives to local contexts for better outcomes.
The tool contains structured information on more than 1 000 national strategies, legal acts, programmes, action plans and practical measures. Each of those is described in two dimensions:
- a time dimension: the information is presented on the timeline allowing for following the progress over time, from design through implementation to completion;
- a thematic dimension: the information is presented in a structured way capturing its rationale, objectives, main activities, thematic coverage, target groups, responsible bodies. These criteria can be used for easy filtering and search.
The Timeline of VET policies in Europe was developed and is implemented by Cedefop's VET policies and systems team in close cooperation with the ReferNet. The team is responsible for the methodological framework, coordination of data collection and validation, quality assurance and analysis, and the continuous improvement and maintenance of the tool.
Team members are: Irina Jemeljanova (coordination), George Kostakis (supervision), Dmitrijs Kuļšs, Silke Gadji, Nikolaos Georgiadis, Anthie Kyriakopoulou, Vicky Oraiopoulou, Veronika Leiner, Eirini Monsela, Aristos Theocharous (data review and update), Eleni Maria Katsoura (support).
ReferNet National partners (providing data and validation) https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/content/national-partners.
For more information contact the VET policies and systems team.