Timeline
  • 2019Design
  • 2020Approved/Agreed
  • 2021Implementation
  • 2022Implementation
  • 2023Implementation
  • 2024Implementation
ID number
36311

Background

A brief overview of the context and rationale of the policy development, explaining why it is implemented or why it is important.

Technological development, especially digitalisation, significantly changes the labour market, professions, and skills requirements. The working age population is especially affected, but the changes also have an impact on the skills requirements of those entering the labour market. It is estimated that within 10 years nearly half a million (the Finnish population is 5.5 million) people will need retraining or systematic continuous professional development. At least as many will need more specific competence development.

According to the Government Programme 2019-23, continuous learning responds to the need to develop skills at different stages of people's lives and careers. To raise the employment rate, Finland needs a supply of skilled labour.

Financing of education and guidance needs to better support learning in the workplace. Common principles for recognising prior learning acquired outside formal education need to be set out. Services need to be created to facilitate lifelong guidance, and such services also need to focus on supporting groups that are currently underrepresented in adult education.

Objectives

Goals and objectives of the policy development.

The government aims at increasing opportunities for retraining, continuous professional development, and professional specialisation education throughout working life, at developing apprenticeship training as a channel for reskilling and for adult education, and at providing flexible opportunities to study in higher education institutions. It also aims at developing study leave and financial aid for adult learners and improving the opportunities for studying while looking for a job.

Description

What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.

The reform of continuous learning, in line with the Government Programme for 2019-23, is prepared by a parliamentary group that includes members from all parliamentary parties. Labour market organisations, education providers and other key organisations and ministries are represented in the monitoring group.

Policy areas:

  1. provision and financing of education;
  2. identification of prior learning and students' income;
  3. increasing opportunities for retraining, continuous professional development and professional specialisation education throughout working life;
  4. developing apprenticeship training as a channel for reskilling and for adult education;
  5. providing flexible opportunities to study in higher education institutions;
  6. providing study leave and financial aid for adult learners;
  7. improving the opportunities for people to study while looking for work.
2019
Design

In February 2019, the Ministry of Education and Culture appointed a working group to draw up:

  1. a description of the principles, and a model for, continuous learning;
  2. recommendations on measures that:
    1. encourage learning during the working career (incentives on provision of education, service system and income);
    2. increase systematic planning of learning during the working career;
    3. enhance opportunities to develop competences during the working career;
    4. focus on vulnerable groups: those who lack support from their employer or have low basic skills, and those who are underrepresented in education;
  3. a recommendation for a model, based on anticipation data, to respond to retraining and continuous education needs.
2020
Approved/Agreed

The Strategy for lifelong guidance 2020-23, jointly published by the Ministry of Education and Culture and the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment, tied in with the objectives of the government related to education, employment, wellbeing and inclusion. Based on the strategy, measures aimed to widen access to guidance, strengthen lifelong career management skills and enhance skills assessment, upskilling and career development in the working life. The objective was to create a well-functioning digital service for continuous learning that makes better use of shared information on education, the labour market and competences.

2021
Implementation

The Act on establishing a Service Centre for Continuous Learning and Employment entered into force in September 2021 with the aim to promote the competence development of working-age people and the availability of skilled labour through:

  1. analysing the competence and labour market needs of working life;
  2. financing education and training intended for working-age people;
  3. developing information, advisory and guidance services;
  4. supporting regional and other cooperation.

Located at the premises of the Finnish National Agency for Education and serving as a separate organisational unit for the agency, the service centre also participated in the development of a digital service package for continuous learning.

2022
Implementation

In 2022, the Service Centre for Continuous Learning and Employment launched the recruitment of most of its staff. The Board of the Centre approved operational focus areas for year 2022. First calls for applications of funding were opened in April 2022.

In 2022, the centre implemented six government grants financing more than 170 projects; three procurements of competence services, two of which were of energy technology related training and one for trade sector; an outreach intervention pilot project, linked with extensive research carried out by ETLA Economic Research and the Labour Institute for Economic Research LABORE (see details below); and a regional pilot project: short-term training of management in seasonal agriculture work.

The Outreach Intervention Pilot Project comprised research by the ETLA Economic Research, the Labour Institute for Economic Research LABORE and the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health. The Service Centre for Continuous Learning and Employment has tendered for service providers, who contacted companies and arranged group guidance sessions for them. A total of at least 1 200 group sessions are to be held in small and medium-size companies all over Finland. At least one person with only a basic-level degree must participate in each session.

In 2022, the centre started developing a new type of digital information platform for the anticipation of needs for continuous learning funded from the European Union's Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF). The basis of the platform is to provide timely, reliable and customer-oriented competence anticipation information, where short- and medium-term information about skills needed can be combined and scaled both regionally and nationally. The platform to offer precise information about changes in needed skills, also categorised by industry. In 2022, customer needs and situations for using the information were mapped, the most important cases of use were defined, a data strategy was drawn up and suppliers of the technical implementation of the analytics system and information service were tendered for. The programming development began in January 2023.

The financed projects and services of the centre started during the fall of 2022. According, a total of approximately 17 000 people are to participate in these services. The training services constituted parts of a degree or smaller entities and could be completed while working.

The centre also launched a feasibility study of increasing participation in education by sharing education information and group guidance at workplaces for those with basic education certificate. The project consisted of two randomised field experiments.

2023
Implementation

The government published the final report of the project to reform continuous learning. According to the report, the objectives and guidelines of the continuous learning reform were crucial, but their implementation and achievement still required resources and investments. The actual reform project ended in March 2023.

In 2023, the Service Centre for Continuous Learning and Employment released a beta version of Skills Needs Compass and its contents developed during the year. This new service provided reliable and up-to-date information on future skills needs from the perspective of continuous learning.

In addition, the Service Centre for Continuous Learning and Employment funded projects relevant from the perspective of employment and continuous learning. The goals of the projects included, for example, strengthening the availability of workforce, combating unemployment, and ensuring the workforce is prepared with skills to meet the demands of the future labour market.

Work was done on the Digital service package for continuous learning operated by Ministry of Education and Culture, significantly through pilot experiments, and an ecosystem model, laying the foundation for future actions and development.

2024
Implementation

The Service Centre for Continuous Learning and Employment (JOTPA) established its activities. In 2024, JOTPA granted VET education providers funding to improve the availability of skilled labour and to promote digitalisation and green transition.

The work on Digital service package for continuous learning developed by the Ministry of Education and Culture continued in 2024. The digital service was named Competency Path (Osaamispolku). The core objective was to build a digital service to support individuals in making educational and career choices and maintaining and developing their competence throughout their careers and lives. The goal was also to promote a better match between work, competence, and demand and supply of education. For example, a completely new forecasting section was created by EDUFI in Vipunen, a national service offering statistical data on education.

Bodies responsible

This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
  • Service Centre for Continuous Learning and Employment
  • Ministry of Education and Culture
  • Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment
  • Ministry of Finance
  • Ministry of Social Affairs and Health
  • Finnish National Agency for Education (EDUFI)

Target groups

Those who are positively and directly affected by the measures of the policy development; those on the list are specifically defined in the EU VET policy documents. A policy development can be addressed to one or several target groups.

Learners

  • Adult learners
  • Older workers and employees (55 - 64 years old)
  • Unemployed and jobseekers
  • Persons in employment, including those at risk of unemployment
  • Low-skilled/qualified persons
  • Learners from other groups at risk of exclusion (minorities, people with fewer opportunities due to geographical location or social-economic disadvantaged position)

Education professionals

  • Adult educators
  • Guidance practitioners

Entities providing VET

  • Companies
  • Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
  • VET providers (all kinds)

Other stakeholders

  • Social partners (employer organisations and trade unions)

Thematic categories

Thematic categories capture main aspects of the decision-making and operation of national VET and LLL systems. These broad areas represent key elements that all VET and LLL systems have to different extents and in different combinations, and which come into focus depending on the EU and national priorities. Thematic categories are further divided into thematic sub-categories. Based on their description, policy developments can be assigned to one or several thematic categories.

Supporting lifelong learning culture and increasing participation

Lifelong learning refers to all learning (formal, non-formal or informal) taking place at all stages in life and resulting in an improvement or update in knowledge, skills, competences and attitudes or in participation in society from a personal, civic, cultural, social or employment-related perspective (Erasmus+, Glossary of terms, https://erasmus-plus.ec.europa.eu/programme-guide/part-d/glossary-common-terms). A systemic approach to CVET is crucial to ensure adaptability to evolving demands.

This broad thematic category looks at ways of creating opportunities and ensuring access to re-skilling and upskilling pathways, allowing individuals to progress smoothly in their learning throughout their lives with better permeability between general and vocational education and training, and better integration and compatibility between initial and continuing VET and with higher education. Individuals should be supported in acquiring and updating their skills and competences and navigating easily through education and training systems. Strategies and campaigns that promote VET and LLL as an attractive and high-quality pathway, providing quality lifelong guidance and tailored support to design learning and career paths, and various incentives (financial and non-financial) to attract and support participation in VET and LLL fall into this thematic category as well.

This thematic category also includes many initiatives on making VET inclusive and ensuring equal education and training opportunities for various groups of learners, regardless of their personal and economic background and place of residence – especially those at risk of disadvantage or exclusion, such as persons with disabilities, the low-skilled and low-qualified, minorities, migrants, refugees and others.

Promotion strategies and campaigns for VET and lifelong learning

This thematic sub-category refers to initiatives that promote VET and lifelong learning implemented at any level and by any stakeholder. It also covers measures to ensure and broaden access to information about VET to various target groups, including targeted information and promotional campaigns (e.g. for parents, adult learners, vulnerable groups). Among others, it includes national skill competitions and fairs organised to attract learners to VET.

Providing for individuals' re- and upskilling needs

This thematic sub-category refers to providing the possibility for individuals who are already in the labour market/in employment to reskill and/or acquire higher levels of skills, and to ensuring targeted information resources on the benefits of CVET and lifelong learning. It also covers the availability of CVET programmes adaptable to labour market, sectoral or individual up- and reskilling needs. The sub-category includes working with respective stakeholders to develop digital learning solutions supporting access to CVET opportunities and awarding CVET credentials and certificates.

Lifelong guidance

This thematic sub-category refers to providing high-quality lifelong learning and career guidance services, including making full use of Europass and other digital services and resources.

Ensuring equal opportunities and inclusiveness in education and training

This thematic sub-category refers to making VET pathways and programmes inclusive and accessible for all. It concerns measures and targeted actions to increase access and participation in VET and lifelong learning for learners from all vulnerable groups, and to support their school/training-to-work transitions. It includes measures to prevent early leaving from education and training. The thematic sub-category covers measures promoting gender balance in traditionally ‘male’ and ‘female’ professions and addressing gender-related and other stereotypes. The vulnerable groups are, but not limited to: persons with disabilities; the low-qualified/-skilled; minorities; persons of migrant background, including refugees; people with fewer opportunities due to their geographical location and/or their socioeconomically disadvantaged circumstances.

European priorities in VET

EU priorities in VET and LLL are set in the Council Recommendation for VET for sustainable competitiveness, social fairness and resilience, adopted on 24 November 2020 and in the Osnabrück Declaration on VET endorsed on 30 November 2020.

VET Recommendation

  • VET promoting equality of opportunities

Osnabrück Declaration

  • Establishing a new lifelong learning culture - relevance of continuing VET and digitalisation

Subsystem

Part of the vocational education and training and lifelong learning systems the policy development applies to.
CVET

Country

Type of development

Policy developments are divided into three types: strategy/action plan; regulation/legislation; and practical measure/initiative.
Strategy/Action plan
Cite as

Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Reform of continuous learning: Finland. In Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Timeline of VET policies in Europe (2024 update) [Online tool].

https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/tools/timeline-vet-policies-europe/search/36311