- 2018Approved/Agreed
- 2019Implementation
- 2020Implementation
- 2021Implementation
- 2022Implementation
Background
The continuing reform of VET and apprenticeship that started in 2015 aims to raise the attractiveness and quality of VET, including improving the relevance of practical training and raising the number of apprentices.
Policies to review VET and adult learning focus on cooperation with, and the active involvement of, stakeholders to define competences for sectoral jobs in demand in the economy.
Objectives
The VET Innovation Council offers the formal framework of this dialogue and common thinking. It is a major advisory body on VET, adult learning and adult education policies.
Description
The Ministry of Innovation and Technology, in charge of VET and adult training, established the VET Innovation Council (SZIT) in September 2018. Its aim is to provide a continuous forum between the government and the relevant stakeholders in the VET system. It consists of representatives of governmental bodies, training organisations, chambers, trade unions, advocacy organisations, big companies, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, student representatives and Roma.
Four thematic working groups have been set up and have been operational since 2018; they are working in priority areas covering the whole spectrum of vocational education and training. Working groups operate independently, but their findings form a common knowledge used to formulate proposals. Among the aims of the council is the introduction of a chancery system in VET centres foreseen by the 2018 Act CIV and the expansion of the dual training system.
In 2019, the working groups of the VET Innovation Council continued their work. Their tasks were to formulate proposals for the grounding of the action plan for the VET 4.0 strategy on the following issues:
- reducing early school leaving in VET;
- VET and higher education - links, cooperation possibilities;
- dual training development in the Technicum upper secondary path;
- funding and regulation of sectoral and big company training centres;
- career model for professional teachers;
- competence measuring as a measuring tool to enter VET.
The VET Act LXXX of 2019 raised the status and responsibilities of the VET Innovation Council to the legislative level. Previously the law did not include either the Council itself or its tasks as the Council was established in 2018. The current VET Act (98.&) and its regulation (308-310. &) already have provisions related to the Council. The renewed Council held its inaugural meeting on 11 June 2020. Its membership was partially transformed: the Adult Training Association and the most heavily involved universities received seats in the Council. At the end of 2020 the Council set up three working groups, operational from January 2021:
- supporting vocational education of Roma and disadvantaged young people;
- monitoring the restructuring of VET;
- the development of VET in the Carpathian Basin.
Invited experts, representatives of the Council and their delegated experts from different organisations will participate in these working groups.
The three working groups (WGs) of the VET Innovation Council set up at the end of 2020, continued their work throughout 2021.The group Supporting vocational education of Roma and disadvantaged young people, carried out its work along the following goals: increasing the number of students currently being mentored and supported, especially involving girls, women and mothers with multiple children in vocational training. Disseminating best practices.
The group Monitoring the restructuring of VET carried out its work along the following lines: formulating proposals for solving and eliminating identified difficulties, problems in the course of the implementation of the new VET Act LXXX of 2019 - Government Decree 12/2020 (II.7.).
The group on the development of VET in the Carpathian Basin carried out its work along the following lines: within the framework of Hungarian vocational training, it is also possible to give opportunities for transborder students and economic actors to acquire knowledge in the Hungarian language education linked to different professions, which can be utilised by them for their prosperity at home. To involve national VET centres to make domestic vocational training (in Hungarian) available for Hungarian young people living beyond the border.
The VET Innovation Council brings together the organisations and representations involved in VET. The Council, which had 28 members when it was set up, has grown to 44 members by 2022. This also shows its "popularity". The Council has voting rights on setting up working groups on a temporary basis to examine a particular topic and report back to the Council., which then makes a proposal to the Ministry.
The Working Group on Supporting VET for Roma and disadvantaged youth is still continuing its work.
The activities of the working group on Monitoring the transformation of VET were twofold: one direction The monitoring of VET (which is detailed in the section on SSCs) was coordinated by the Hungarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (MKIK), with SSC members and members delegated by SSCs carrying out the tasks set. The other direction of the working group, The situation, progress and development of dual training in VET dealt with blocked training, the quality of the sectoral basic examination, the revision of the vocational examination system, and formulated specific proposals for legislative amendments.
The working group on VET development in the Carpathian Basin completed its work by the end of 2022 and presented its findings and recommendations to the Council members. The material was adopted by the Council. The main areas of proposed action are: launching adult training programmes in Hungarian language, possibility of cooperation agreements, further training and preparation of foreign teachers, increasing mobility (twinning schools). The working group elaborated the concept for the development of vocational training in Hungarian in the Carpathian Basin, beyond the borders for Hungarians or dual citizens with Hungarian native language. The concept also embraces further training of teachers/instructors with Hungarian native language beyond the borders.
Main tasks of the VET Innovation Council in 2022 were:
- giving opinion on the National Implementation Plan for the implementation of the VET Recommendation
- presentation of the results of the project to support the institutional development of the "Creative Technicums" by Moholy-Nagy University of Art and Design.
- planning for the EU development policy cycle 2021-2027 and opinion on the National Recovery and Resilience Plan for the Next Generation EU Instrument
- opinion on the draft call for proposals RRF-2.2.3-21 "Development of a National Network of Central Accredited Examination Centres”
- opinion on the draft call for proposals RRF-2.2.2-22 „Programme for the development of VET institutions in the 21st century”
- opinion on the document and action plan based on the review of VET 4.0.
Bodies responsible
- Ministry of Culture and Innovation
Target groups
Other
Thematic categories
Governance of VET and lifelong learning
This thematic category looks at existing legal frameworks providing for strategic, operational – including quality assurance – and financing arrangements for VET and lifelong learning (LLL). It examines how VET and LLL-related policies are placed in broad national socioeconomic contexts and coordinate with other strategies and policies, such as economic, social and employment, growth and innovation, recovery and resilience.
This thematic category covers partnerships and collaboration networks of VET stakeholders – especially the social partners – to shape and implement VET in a country, including looking at how their roles and responsibilities for VET at national, regional and local levels are shared and distributed, ensuring an appropriate degree of autonomy for VET providers to adapt their offer.
The thematic category also includes efforts to create national, regional and sectoral skills intelligence systems (skills anticipation and graduate tracking) and using skills intelligence for making decisions about VET and LLL on quality, inclusiveness and flexibility.
This thematic sub-category refers both to formal mechanisms of stakeholder engagement in VET governance and to informal cooperation among stakeholders, which motivate shared responsibility for quality VET. Formal engagement is usually based on legally established institutional procedures that clearly define the role and responsibilities for relevant stakeholders in designing, implementing and improving VET. It also refers to establishing and increasing the degree of autonomy of VET providers for agile and flexible VET provision.
In terms of informal cooperation, the sub-category covers targeted actions by different stakeholders to promote or implement VET. This cooperation often leads to creating sustainable partnerships and making commitments for targeted actions, in line with the national context and regulation, e.g. national alliances for apprenticeships, pacts for youth or partnerships between schools and employers. It can also include initiatives and projects run by the social partners or sectoral organisations or networks of voluntary experts and executives, retired or on sabbatical, to support their peers in the fields of VET and apprenticeships, as part of the EAfA.
Modernising VET offer and delivery
This thematic category looks at what and how individuals learn, how learning content and learning outcomes in initial and continuing VET are defined, adapted and updated. First and foremost, it examines how VET standards, curricula, programmes and training courses are updated and modernised or new ones created. Updated and renewed VET content ensures that learners acquire a balanced mix of competences that address modern demands, and are more closely aligned with the realities of the labour market, including key competences, digital competences and skills for green transition and sustainability, both sector-specific and across sectors. Using learning outcomes as a basis is important to facilitate this modernisation, including modularisation of VET programmes. Updating and developing teaching and learning materials to support the above is also part of the category.
The thematic category continues to focus on strengthening high-quality and inclusive apprenticeships and work-based learning in real-life work environments and in line with the European framework for quality and effective apprenticeships. It looks at expanding apprenticeship to continuing vocational training and at developing VET programmes at EQF levels 5-8 for better permeability and lifelong learning and to support the need for higher vocational skills.
This thematic category also focuses on VET delivery through a mix of open, digital and participative learning environments, including workplaces conducive to learning, which are flexible, more adaptable to the ways individuals learn, and provide more access and outreach to various groups of learners, diversifying modes of learning and exploiting the potential of digital learning solutions and blended learning to complement face-to-face learning.
Centres of vocational excellence that connect VET to innovation and skill ecosystems and facilitate stronger cooperation with business and research also fall into this category.
This thematic sub-category covers all developments related to work-based learning (WBL) elements in VET programmes and apprenticeships which continue to be important in the policy agenda. It includes measures to stabilise the offer of apprenticeships, the implementation of the European framework for quality and effective apprenticeships, and using the EU on-demand support services and policy learning initiatives among the Member States. It also covers further expansion of apprenticeships and WBL to continuing VET (CVET), for transition to work and inclusion of vulnerable groups, and for improving citizens’ qualification levels.
Teachers, trainers and school leaders competences
Competent and motivated VET teachers in schools and trainers in companies are crucial to VET becoming innovative and relevant, agile, resilient, flexible, inclusive and lifelong.
This thematic category comprises policies and practices of initial training and continuing professional development approaches in a systemic and systematic manner. It also looks at measures aiming to update (entry) requirements and make teaching and training careers attractive and bring more young and talented individuals and business professionals into teaching and training. Supporting VET educators by equipping them with adequate competences, skills and tools for the green transition and digital teaching and learning are addressed in separate thematic sub-categories.
The measures in this category target teachers and school leaders, company trainers and mentors, adult educators and guidance practitioners.
This thematic sub-category refers to all kinds of initial and continuing professional development (CPD) for VET educators who work in vocational schools and in companies providing VET. VET educators include teachers and school leaders, trainers and company managers involved in VET, as well as adult educators and guidance practitioners – those who work in school- and work-based settings. The thematic sub-category includes national strategies, training programmes or individual courses to address the learning needs of VET educators and to develop their vocational (technical) skills, and pedagogical (teaching) skills and competences. Such programmes concern state-of-the-art vocational pedagogy, innovative teaching methods, and competences needed to address evolving teaching environments, e.g. teaching in multicultural settings, working with learners at risk of early leaving, etc.
Supporting lifelong learning culture and increasing participation
Lifelong learning refers to all learning (formal, non-formal or informal) taking place at all stages in life and resulting in an improvement or update in knowledge, skills, competences and attitudes or in participation in society from a personal, civic, cultural, social or employment-related perspective (Erasmus+, Glossary of terms, https://erasmus-plus.ec.europa.eu/programme-guide/part-d/glossary-common-terms). A systemic approach to CVET is crucial to ensure adaptability to evolving demands.
This broad thematic category looks at ways of creating opportunities and ensuring access to re-skilling and upskilling pathways, allowing individuals to progress smoothly in their learning throughout their lives with better permeability between general and vocational education and training, and better integration and compatibility between initial and continuing VET and with higher education. Individuals should be supported in acquiring and updating their skills and competences and navigating easily through education and training systems. Strategies and campaigns that promote VET and LLL as an attractive and high-quality pathway, providing quality lifelong guidance and tailored support to design learning and career paths, and various incentives (financial and non-financial) to attract and support participation in VET and LLL fall into this thematic category as well.
This thematic category also includes many initiatives on making VET inclusive and ensuring equal education and training opportunities for various groups of learners, regardless of their personal and economic background and place of residence – especially those at risk of disadvantage or exclusion, such as persons with disabilities, the low-skilled and low-qualified, minorities, migrants, refugees and others.
This thematic sub-category refers to making VET pathways and programmes inclusive and accessible for all. It concerns measures and targeted actions to increase access and participation in VET and lifelong learning for learners from all vulnerable groups, and to support their school/training-to-work transitions. It includes measures to prevent early leaving from education and training. The thematic sub-category covers measures promoting gender balance in traditionally ‘male’ and ‘female’ professions and addressing gender-related and other stereotypes. The vulnerable groups are, but not limited to: persons with disabilities; the low-qualified/-skilled; minorities; persons of migrant background, including refugees; people with fewer opportunities due to their geographical location and/or their socioeconomically disadvantaged circumstances.
European priorities in VET
VET Recommendation
- VET agile in adapting to labour market challenges
- VET promoting equality of opportunities
Osnabrück Declaration
- Establishing a new lifelong learning culture - relevance of continuing VET and digitalisation
- European Education and Training Area and international VET