- 2019Approved/Agreed
Background
In November 2018, significant changes in Poland's VET system were introduced, including a focus on strengthening the involvement of employers in the VET system and cooperation between VET schools and employers.
All VET schools are included in external and internal quality assurance systems. External quality assurance is provided by pedagogical supervision. External pedagogical supervision is conducted by Regional Education Authorities (kurator oswiaty) overseen by the education ministry. Pedagogical supervision covers four aspects: evaluation, a legal compliance audit, monitoring, and support. The evaluation of schools is conducted in accordance with certain uniform requirements set in the legislation, which indicates the recommended way that schools should function and concerns:
- the organisation of education;
- the skills and knowledge students should acquire as defined in the national core curriculum;
- the active participation of students;
- shaping social attitudes, and respect for social norms;
- supporting students' development taking into account their individual circumstances;
- cooperation with parents and the local community;
- taking into account the findings of analyses of external exam results as well as external and internal evaluations;
- school management.
Objectives
Adjusting the requirements for VET schools (part of the quality assurance system) to developments in the education system; strengthening cooperation between VET schools and employers.
Description
Following the changes to the VET system introduced in November 2018, the Ministry of National Education amended the regulations on the requirements for schools and institutions that are an important element of the pedagogical supervision system. A significant change was introduced in relation to the requirements about cooperation with the local community - the obligation of VET schools to cooperate with employers was added. Additional minor modifications adjusting requirements to the recent changes were introduced.
In 2019, the amendments were approved and put in effect.
Bodies responsible
- Ministry of National Education
- Ministry of National Education (until 2021)
Target groups
Education professionals
- Teachers
- Trainers
Entities providing VET
- Companies
- VET providers (all kinds)
Thematic categories
Governance of VET and lifelong learning
This thematic category looks at existing legal frameworks providing for strategic, operational – including quality assurance – and financing arrangements for VET and lifelong learning (LLL). It examines how VET and LLL-related policies are placed in broad national socioeconomic contexts and coordinate with other strategies and policies, such as economic, social and employment, growth and innovation, recovery and resilience.
This thematic category covers partnerships and collaboration networks of VET stakeholders – especially the social partners – to shape and implement VET in a country, including looking at how their roles and responsibilities for VET at national, regional and local levels are shared and distributed, ensuring an appropriate degree of autonomy for VET providers to adapt their offer.
The thematic category also includes efforts to create national, regional and sectoral skills intelligence systems (skills anticipation and graduate tracking) and using skills intelligence for making decisions about VET and LLL on quality, inclusiveness and flexibility.
This thematic sub-category refers both to formal mechanisms of stakeholder engagement in VET governance and to informal cooperation among stakeholders, which motivate shared responsibility for quality VET. Formal engagement is usually based on legally established institutional procedures that clearly define the role and responsibilities for relevant stakeholders in designing, implementing and improving VET. It also refers to establishing and increasing the degree of autonomy of VET providers for agile and flexible VET provision.
In terms of informal cooperation, the sub-category covers targeted actions by different stakeholders to promote or implement VET. This cooperation often leads to creating sustainable partnerships and making commitments for targeted actions, in line with the national context and regulation, e.g. national alliances for apprenticeships, pacts for youth or partnerships between schools and employers. It can also include initiatives and projects run by the social partners or sectoral organisations or networks of voluntary experts and executives, retired or on sabbatical, to support their peers in the fields of VET and apprenticeships, as part of the EAfA.
This thematic sub-category refers to further development of national quality assurance (QA) systems for IVET and CVET, for all learning environments (school-based provision and work-based learning, including apprenticeships) and all learning types (digital, face-to-face or blended), delivered by both public and private providers. These systems are underpinned by the EQAVET quality criteria and by indicative descriptors applied both at system and provider levels, as defined in Annex II of the VET Recommendation. The sub-category concerns creating and improving external and self-evaluation of VET providers, and establishing criteria of QA, accreditation of providers and programmes. It also covers the activities of Quality assurance national reference points for VET on implementing and further developing the EQAVET framework, including the implementation of peer reviews at VET system level.
Subsystem
Further reading
Country
Type of development
Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Modifications in the requirements for VET schools (quality assurance system): Poland. In Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Timeline of VET policies in Europe (2024 update) [Online tool].
https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/de/tools/timeline-vet-policies-europe/search/29971