Overview

This page provides an easy-to-read comparative overview of validation arrangements by sector in the covered countries. You can access the information at country level by clicking on the country name. National experts were asked to follow national definitions of the sectors (for more see about). Note that definition of sectors might differ between countries.

Validation arrangements by sector
Country Education and Training Labour Market (LM) Third sector (TS)
General Education (GE) Vocational Education and Training (VET) Higher Education (HE) Continuous Vocational Education and Training (CVET) Adult Learning (AL)
Austria YES YES YES YES YES NO YES
Belgium-FL YES YES YES NO YES YES YES
Belgium-FR YES YES YES YES YES YES NO
Bulgaria YES NO NO YES NO YES NO
Croatia NO NO YES YES YES YES YES
Cyprus NO NO NO YES YES NO NO
Czechia NO NO NO YES NO YES NO
Denmark NO YES YES YES YES YES YES
Estonia YES YES YES YES NO NO NO
Finland YES YES YES YES YES NO YES
France YES YES YES YES NO YES YES
Germany YES YES YES YES YES NO YES
Greece NO NO NO YES YES NO NO
Hungary NO NO YES YES YES NO YES
Iceland YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
Ireland NO YES YES YES YES YES YES
Italy YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
Latvia YES YES YES YES NO NO NO
Liechtenstein NO YES YES NO NO NO NO
Lithuania NO YES YES YES YES YES YES
Luxembourg YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
Malta NO YES YES YES NO YES YES
Netherlands YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
Norway YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
Poland YES YES YES YES NO YES NO
Portugal YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
Romania YES NO NO YES YES YES NO
Slovakia NO NO NO YES YES YES YES
Slovenia YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
Spain YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
Sweden YES YES YES YES YES YES YES
Switzerland NO YES YES YES NO NO YES