Timeline
  • 2016Design
  • 2017Design
  • 2018Design
  • 2019Design
  • 2020Implementation
  • 2021Completed
ID number
28467

Background

A brief overview of the context and rationale of the policy development, explaining why it is implemented or why it is important.

A national commission mandated by the government presented in 2015 an official report on the schools of the future. The report proposed a new strategy for the renewal of subjects and competences in education and training, including VET. The report underlined that education and training had to contribute to developing learners' knowledge and competences for them to become active participants in an increasingly knowledge-intensive society. Changes were suggested, in particular renewing subjects to satisfy future competence needs in society and the labour market. Digital skills should be connected more closely to subject-specific competence. Digital competence should be integrated with other cross-curricular competences. Researchers pointed out that the notion of key competences was previously unclear and that they were unevenly integrated in the learning objectives. New curricula should make it obvious how key competences are included in academic subjects and how they can function as a basis for general learning.

Description

What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.

In April 2016, the government introduced a white paper aiming at school subject renewal. Reading, writing, maths, communication and digital skills were suggested to remain as key competences and should be incorporated in curricula where relevant. It should be made clear which subjects are responsible for key competences, especially as regards digital skills and maths. Public consultation on the process was completed in June 2017. It resulted in a process to renew all subjects.

2016
Design
2017
Design
2018
Design
2019
Design

New curricula are under development and will be implemented as of the school year 2020/21. The curricula will have one part describing the values and principles on which the education should be based. Three interdisciplinary subjects will be prioritised: democracy and citizenship, sustainable development and public health and coping. These themes will be prioritised in all subjects where relevant. The curriculum will get a new structure and will have three parts: subject-related information; competence aims; assessment.

2020
Implementation

For the first to the ninth grade and the first year of upper secondary education the new curricula were introduced in August 2020. For the tenth year and second year of upper secondary education the introduction of the new curricula is planned for August 2021 and the change to the final year of upper secondary is scheduled for August 2022. The municipalities are being supported with funding to handle all the changes linked to the renewal. The funding is earmarked for new teaching and digital aids.

2021
Completed

The subject renewal has been completed and the new curricula will be implemented accordingly.

Bodies responsible

This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
  • Ministry of Education and Research (KD)
  • Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training

Target groups

Those who are positively and directly affected by the measures of the policy development; those on the list are specifically defined in the EU VET policy documents. A policy development can be addressed to one or several target groups.

Learners

  • Learners in upper secondary, including apprentices

Education professionals

  • Teachers

Thematic categories

Thematic categories capture main aspects of the decision-making and operation of national VET and LLL systems. These broad areas represent key elements that all VET and LLL systems have to different extents and in different combinations, and which come into focus depending on the EU and national priorities. Thematic categories are further divided into thematic sub-categories. Based on their description, policy developments can be assigned to one or several thematic categories.

Modernising VET offer and delivery

This thematic category looks at what and how individuals learn, how learning content and learning outcomes in initial and continuing VET are defined, adapted and updated. First and foremost, it examines how VET standards, curricula, programmes and training courses are updated and modernised or new ones created. Updated and renewed VET content ensures that learners acquire a balanced mix of competences that address modern demands, and are more closely aligned with the realities of the labour market, including key competences, digital competences and skills for green transition and sustainability, both sector-specific and across sectors. Using learning outcomes as a basis is important to facilitate this modernisation, including modularisation of VET programmes. Updating and developing teaching and learning materials to support the above is also part of the category.

The thematic category continues to focus on strengthening high-quality and inclusive apprenticeships and work-based learning in real-life work environments and in line with the European framework for quality and effective apprenticeships. It looks at expanding apprenticeship to continuing vocational training and at developing VET programmes at EQF levels 5-8 for better permeability and lifelong learning and to support the need for higher vocational skills.

This thematic category also focuses on VET delivery through a mix of open, digital and participative learning environments, including workplaces conducive to learning, which are flexible, more adaptable to the ways individuals learn, and provide more access and outreach to various groups of learners, diversifying modes of learning and exploiting the potential of digital learning solutions and blended learning to complement face-to-face learning.

Centres of vocational excellence that connect VET to innovation and skill ecosystems and facilitate stronger cooperation with business and research also fall into this category.

Modernising VET standards, curricula, programmes and training courses

VET standards and curricula define the content and outcomes of learning, most often at national or sectoral levels. VET programmes are based on standards and curricula and refer to specific vocations/occupations. They all need to be regularly reviewed, updated and aligned with the needs of the labour market and society. They need to include a balanced mix of vocational and technical skills corresponding to economic cycles, evolving jobs and working methods, and key competences, providing for resilience, lifelong learning, employability, social inclusion, active citizenship, sustainable awareness and personal development (Council of the European Union, 2020). The thematic sub-category also refers to establishing new VET programmes, reducing their number or discontinuing some. It also includes design of CVET programmes and training courses to adapt to labour market, sectoral or individual up- and re-skilling needs.

Acquiring key competences

This thematic sub-category refers to acquisition of key competences and basic skills for all, from an early age and throughout their life, including those acquired as part of qualifications and curricula. Key competences include knowledge, skills and attitudes needed by all for personal fulfilment and development, employability and lifelong learning, social inclusion, active citizenship and sustainable awareness. Key competences include literacy; multilingual; science, technology, engineering and mathematical (STEM); digital; personal, social and learning to learn; active citizenship, entrepreneurship, cultural awareness and expression (Council of the European Union, 2018).

Subsystem

Part of the vocational education and training and lifelong learning systems the policy development applies to.
IVET

Further reading

Sources for further reading where readers can find more information on policy developments: links to official documents, dedicated websites, project pages. Some sources may only be available in national languages.

Country

Type of development

Policy developments are divided into three types: strategy/action plan; regulation/legislation; and practical measure/initiative.
Practical measure/Initiative
Cite as

Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Subject renewal - a process for developing new curricula: Norway. In Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Timeline of VET policies in Europe (2024 update) [Online tool].

https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/tools/timeline-vet-policies-europe/search/28467