Timeline
  • 2015Approved/Agreed
  • 2016Implementation
  • 2017Implementation
  • 2018Implementation
  • 2019Implementation
  • 2020Implementation
  • 2021Implementation
  • 2022Implementation
  • 2023Implementation
  • 2024Implementation
ID number
28324

Description

What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.

VET teacher training is regulated by the Good school reform (Law 107/2015). According to this Law, teachers' in-service training becomes continuing. It also provides incentives to support continuing teacher training and systematic need analysis mechanisms. Teachers' in-service training must be in line with the school plan and with the priorities of the education ministry. As part of the Good School Law, the priority areas for teacher training in the period 2016-19 are:

  1. organisational and didactic autonomy;
  2. competence-based learning, methodological innovation and basic skills;
  3. digital skills and new learning environments;
  4. foreign language skills;
  5. inclusion and disability;
  6. social cohesion and prevention of general youth unrest;
  7. integration, citizenship and global citizenship skills;
  8. school and work;
  9. evaluation and development, involving the entire school community.

Within this framework, training and professional development initiatives are organised by the school, or by a network of schools, also taking on board the needs of teachers and schools. To support further the professional development of teachers, the Good school Law has also established a teacher training card, an electronic card form of a voucher to the value of EUR 500 per school year for each teacher from 2015 onwards. The card can be used to purchase books, digital tools and to pay for training courses and cultural events.

VET teacher training is regulated by the Good school reform (Law 107/2015). According to this Law, teachers' in-service training becomes continuing. It also provides incentives to support continuing teacher training and systematic need analysis mechanisms. Teachers' in-service training must be in line with the school plan and with the priorities of the education ministry. As part of the Good School Law, the priority areas for teacher training in the period 2016-19 are:

  1. organisational and didactic autonomy;
  2. competence-based learning, methodological innovation and basic skills;
  3. digital skills and new learning environments;
  4. foreign language skills;
  5. inclusion and disability;
  6. social cohesion and prevention of general youth unrest;
  7. integration, citizenship and global citizenship skills;
  8. school and work;
  9. evaluation and development, involving the entire school community.

Within this framework, training and professional development initiatives are organised by the school, or by a network of schools, also taking on board the needs of teachers and schools. To support further the professional development of teachers, the Good school Law has also established a teacher training card, an electronic card form of a voucher to the value of EUR 500 per school year for each teacher from 2015 onwards. The card can be used to purchase books, digital tools and to pay for training courses and cultural events.

2015
Approved/Agreed

The Law regulating teacher CPD was adopted in 2015.

2016
Implementation
2017
Implementation
2018
Implementation
2019
Implementation

There were no updates in 2019.

2020
Implementation

In March 2020, an education ministry note was published. According to this note, the list of hardware that can be purchased with the teacher's card was extended, with the aim of supporting professional updating for the implementation/organisation of distance teaching, during the ongoing phase of health emergency due to the COVID-19.The note introduced the possibility to use the annually available amount for each teacher, equal to EUR 500, for the purchase of additional electronic devices such as webcams and microphones, touch screen pens and scanners.

2021
Implementation

From February 2021 to March 2022 there were no substantial reforms of the continuing training system for teachers, and consequently for VET teachers, required by the Good school reform (Law 107/2015). The procedures for drawing up the schools' three-year plan started being drafted with the identification of the main strategic priorities.

2022
Implementation

In 2022, the education ministry allocated to each individual school institution financial resources from the designated school budget, aimed to address the specific training needs of each school, indicated in the relevant three-year training plan.

Also in 2022, the education ministry also, allocated to the Polo Schools for the Training (these schools are known in Italy as hub-schools) additional funding to support the administrative/financial management of their training activities, carried out at territorial level.

The Law No 79, of 29 June 2022, in alignment with reform 2.2 of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), provided for the establishment of the School of higher continuing education for school leaders, teachers and all staff involved in teaching/training activities. The Law includes provisions for the training of the teaching staff. At least three years of training are envisaged for all teachers, voluntary for permanent teachers but compulsory for teachers entering the service for the first time.

2023
Implementation

In 2023, the organisation and management of the training of school staff (headmasters, teachers and administrative, technical and auxiliary (ATA) staff) continued along the lines of the 2022-23 school year. Moreover, the three-year guidelines for the training of school staff 2023-25 were prepared by the School of Higher Education Training (SAFI) which was established pursuant to article 16-bis of Legislative Decree n. 59 of 13 April 2017 for the purpose of promoting and coordinating the in-service training of tenured teachers and the training activities of school managers. The SAFI also promotes and coordinates in-service training for teachers and school managers, aligning with the NRRP's goal of enhancing education quality. The Directors of General and Administrative Services (DSGA) and ATA staff were also involved in preparing the guidelines, ensuring comprehensive and inclusive training programs thus reflecting the NRRP's emphasis on social inclusion. Finally, the training objectives of the voluntary incentivised training courses for teaching staff referred to in article 16-ter(4-bis) of Legislative Decree n. 59 of 13 April 2017 have been defined.

2024
Implementation

In 2024, the SAFI continued with the implementation of the three-year guidelines for the training of school staff 2023-25. The SAFI has specific expertise in the in-service training of school personnel: school principals, teachers and ATA staff. Specifically, it continued to organise and manage in-service training for school principals, teachers, and ATA staff, following the guidelines established in 2023. The training objectives of the voluntary incentivized training courses for teaching staff, as provided for in Article 16-ter(4-bis) of Legislative Decree No. 59 of April 13, 2017, were defined and pursued. SAFI thus played a key role in coordinating and promoting training activities, in line with the provisions of the NRRP. These activities have strengthened the skills of school staff, thus improved the quality of education and supported continuous professional development.

Bodies responsible

This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
  • Ministry of Education (until 2022)
  • Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (until 2019)
  • Ministry of Education and Merit

Target groups

Those who are positively and directly affected by the measures of the policy development; those on the list are specifically defined in the EU VET policy documents. A policy development can be addressed to one or several target groups.

Education professionals

  • Teachers
  • Trainers
  • School leaders
  • Adult educators

Entities providing VET

  • VET providers (all kinds)

Thematic categories

Thematic categories capture main aspects of the decision-making and operation of national VET and LLL systems. These broad areas represent key elements that all VET and LLL systems have to different extents and in different combinations, and which come into focus depending on the EU and national priorities. Thematic categories are further divided into thematic sub-categories. Based on their description, policy developments can be assigned to one or several thematic categories.

Modernising VET infrastructure

This thematic category looks at how VET schools and companies providing VET are supported to update and upgrade their physical infrastructure for teaching and learning, including digital and green technologies, so that learners in all VET programmes and specialities have access to state-of-the-art equipment and are able to acquire relevant and up-to-date vocational and technical skills and competences. Modernising infrastructure in remote and rural areas increases the inclusiveness of VET and LLL.

Improving digital infrastructure of VET provision

This thematic sub-category focuses on establishing and upgrading to state-of-the-art digital infrastructure, equipment and technology, such as computers, hardware, connectivity and good broadband speed that should ensure quality and inclusive VET provision, especially in blended and virtual modes. It also includes specific measures to remove the digital divide, e.g. supporting geographically remote or rural areas to ensure social inclusion through access to such infrastructure for learning and teaching. It also includes support measures for learners from socially disadvantaged backgrounds to acquire the necessary equipment.

Modernising VET offer and delivery

This thematic category looks at what and how individuals learn, how learning content and learning outcomes in initial and continuing VET are defined, adapted and updated. First and foremost, it examines how VET standards, curricula, programmes and training courses are updated and modernised or new ones created. Updated and renewed VET content ensures that learners acquire a balanced mix of competences that address modern demands, and are more closely aligned with the realities of the labour market, including key competences, digital competences and skills for green transition and sustainability, both sector-specific and across sectors. Using learning outcomes as a basis is important to facilitate this modernisation, including modularisation of VET programmes. Updating and developing teaching and learning materials to support the above is also part of the category.

The thematic category continues to focus on strengthening high-quality and inclusive apprenticeships and work-based learning in real-life work environments and in line with the European framework for quality and effective apprenticeships. It looks at expanding apprenticeship to continuing vocational training and at developing VET programmes at EQF levels 5-8 for better permeability and lifelong learning and to support the need for higher vocational skills.

This thematic category also focuses on VET delivery through a mix of open, digital and participative learning environments, including workplaces conducive to learning, which are flexible, more adaptable to the ways individuals learn, and provide more access and outreach to various groups of learners, diversifying modes of learning and exploiting the potential of digital learning solutions and blended learning to complement face-to-face learning.

Centres of vocational excellence that connect VET to innovation and skill ecosystems and facilitate stronger cooperation with business and research also fall into this category.

Modernising VET standards, curricula, programmes and training courses

VET standards and curricula define the content and outcomes of learning, most often at national or sectoral levels. VET programmes are based on standards and curricula and refer to specific vocations/occupations. They all need to be regularly reviewed, updated and aligned with the needs of the labour market and society. They need to include a balanced mix of vocational and technical skills corresponding to economic cycles, evolving jobs and working methods, and key competences, providing for resilience, lifelong learning, employability, social inclusion, active citizenship, sustainable awareness and personal development (Council of the European Union, 2020). The thematic sub-category also refers to establishing new VET programmes, reducing their number or discontinuing some. It also includes design of CVET programmes and training courses to adapt to labour market, sectoral or individual up- and re-skilling needs.

Diversifying modes of learning: face-to-face, digital and/or blended learning; adaptable/flexible training formats

This thematic sub-category is about the way learners learn, how the learning is delivered to them, and by what means. Programmes become more accessible through a combination of adaptable and flexible formats (e.g. face-to-face, digital and/or blended learning), through digital learning platforms that allow better outreach, especially for vulnerable groups and for learners in geographically remote or rural areas.

Acquiring key competences

This thematic sub-category refers to acquisition of key competences and basic skills for all, from an early age and throughout their life, including those acquired as part of qualifications and curricula. Key competences include knowledge, skills and attitudes needed by all for personal fulfilment and development, employability and lifelong learning, social inclusion, active citizenship and sustainable awareness. Key competences include literacy; multilingual; science, technology, engineering and mathematical (STEM); digital; personal, social and learning to learn; active citizenship, entrepreneurship, cultural awareness and expression (Council of the European Union, 2018).

Teachers, trainers and school leaders competences

Competent and motivated VET teachers in schools and trainers in companies are crucial to VET becoming innovative and relevant, agile, resilient, flexible, inclusive and lifelong.

This thematic category comprises policies and practices of initial training and continuing professional development approaches in a systemic and systematic manner. It also looks at measures aiming to update (entry) requirements and make teaching and training careers attractive and bring more young and talented individuals and business professionals into teaching and training. Supporting VET educators by equipping them with adequate competences, skills and tools for the green transition and digital teaching and learning are addressed in separate thematic sub-categories.

The measures in this category target teachers and school leaders, company trainers and mentors, adult educators and guidance practitioners.

Systematic approaches to and opportunities for initial and continuous professional development of school leaders, teachers and trainers

This thematic sub-category refers to all kinds of initial and continuing professional development (CPD) for VET educators who work in vocational schools and in companies providing VET. VET educators include teachers and school leaders, trainers and company managers involved in VET, as well as adult educators and guidance practitioners – those who work in school- and work-based settings. The thematic sub-category includes national strategies, training programmes or individual courses to address the learning needs of VET educators and to develop their vocational (technical) skills, and pedagogical (teaching) skills and competences. Such programmes concern state-of-the-art vocational pedagogy, innovative teaching methods, and competences needed to address evolving teaching environments, e.g. teaching in multicultural settings, working with learners at risk of early leaving, etc.

Attractiveness of the teaching and training profession/career

This thematic sub-category refers to measures aimed at engaging more professionals into teaching and training careers, including career schemes or incentives. It includes measures enabling teaching and training of staff, managing VET provider and trainer teams in companies to act as multipliers and mediators, and supporting their peers and/or local communities.

Supporting teachers and trainers for and through digital

This thematic sub-category is in line with the EU policy focus on the digital transition, and refers to professional development and other measures to prepare and support teachers and trainers in teaching their learners digital skills and competences. It also covers measures and support for them to increase their own digital skills and competences, including for teaching in virtual environments, working with digital tools and applying digital pedagogies. Emergency measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic also fall into this sub-category.

Supporting lifelong learning culture and increasing participation

Lifelong learning refers to all learning (formal, non-formal or informal) taking place at all stages in life and resulting in an improvement or update in knowledge, skills, competences and attitudes or in participation in society from a personal, civic, cultural, social or employment-related perspective (Erasmus+, Glossary of terms, https://erasmus-plus.ec.europa.eu/programme-guide/part-d/glossary-common-terms). A systemic approach to CVET is crucial to ensure adaptability to evolving demands.

This broad thematic category looks at ways of creating opportunities and ensuring access to re-skilling and upskilling pathways, allowing individuals to progress smoothly in their learning throughout their lives with better permeability between general and vocational education and training, and better integration and compatibility between initial and continuing VET and with higher education. Individuals should be supported in acquiring and updating their skills and competences and navigating easily through education and training systems. Strategies and campaigns that promote VET and LLL as an attractive and high-quality pathway, providing quality lifelong guidance and tailored support to design learning and career paths, and various incentives (financial and non-financial) to attract and support participation in VET and LLL fall into this thematic category as well.

This thematic category also includes many initiatives on making VET inclusive and ensuring equal education and training opportunities for various groups of learners, regardless of their personal and economic background and place of residence – especially those at risk of disadvantage or exclusion, such as persons with disabilities, the low-skilled and low-qualified, minorities, migrants, refugees and others.

Providing for individuals' re- and upskilling needs

This thematic sub-category refers to providing the possibility for individuals who are already in the labour market/in employment to reskill and/or acquire higher levels of skills, and to ensuring targeted information resources on the benefits of CVET and lifelong learning. It also covers the availability of CVET programmes adaptable to labour market, sectoral or individual up- and reskilling needs. The sub-category includes working with respective stakeholders to develop digital learning solutions supporting access to CVET opportunities and awarding CVET credentials and certificates.

Subsystem

Part of the vocational education and training and lifelong learning systems the policy development applies to.
IVET

Country

Type of development

Policy developments are divided into three types: strategy/action plan; regulation/legislation; and practical measure/initiative.
Regulation/Legislation
Cite as

Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Updating teacher continuous professional development (CPD): Italy. In Cedefop, & ReferNet. (2025). Timeline of VET policies in Europe (2024 update) [Online tool].

https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/tools/timeline-vet-policies-europe/search/28324