Timeline
  • 2018Implementation
  • 2019Implementation
  • 2020Implementation
  • 2021Implementation
  • 2022Implementation
ID number
28065

Description

What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.

To stimulate the acquisition of competences in STEM and languages, the education ministry and/or affiliated bodies [e.g. the Bulgarian Centre for Training Firms (BCTF)] organise many competitions for learners in secondary education, including VET, and for young people. These competitions are organised at local, national and international level in subjects such as maths, information technology, foreign languages and science (physics, chemistry, biology, environmental protection).

2018
Implementation

In 2018, more than 73 national competitions in different fields were conducted.

2019
Implementation

In 2019, with financial support from the State budget, over 16 500 extracurricular activities took place in 2 249 schools in the country and 60% of learners chose activities in STEM fields such as digital creativity, mathematics, technology and natural sciences.

A total of 22 national VET competitions were organised in cooperation with representatives of the enterprises.

2020
Implementation

Due to the COVID-19 emergency, most competitions were organised online, but they could not be held in an online environment and did not take place.

2021
Implementation

18 national VET competitions took place in 2021, organised by schools in partnership with enterprises and companies under the coordination of the education ministry. Other bodies also organise competitions: the Bulgarian Centre for Training Firms (BCTF), which is an affiliated body to the Ministry of Education and Science, has organised 15 competitions on presentation skills, responsible business, web design, advertising materials and design. In April 2021, BCTF also organised an international online fair of training firms. Over 1 600 participants, 144 training firms, 44 schools, 3 universities and representatives from 8 countries participated in the event.

2022
Implementation

24 national VET competitions took place in 2022, organised by VET schools in partnership with companies and universities, and under the coordination of Ministry of Education and Science.

Detailed information on the organisation, partnerships and rules for competitions is published at the education ministry (MES) website. The identified good practices  were shared through the ‘Good news’ section of the MES website.

Bodies responsible

This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
  • Ministry of Education and Science
  • Bulgarian Centre for Training Firms (BCTF)

Target groups

Those who are positively and directly affected by the measures of the policy development; those on the list are specifically defined in the EU VET policy documents. A policy development can be addressed to one or several target groups.

Learners

  • Learners in upper secondary, including apprentices
  • Young people (15-29 years old)

Thematic categories

Thematic categories capture main aspects of the decision-making and operation of national VET and LLL systems. These broad areas represent key elements that all VET and LLL systems have to different extents and in different combinations, and which come into focus depending on the EU and national priorities. Thematic categories are further divided into thematic sub-categories. Based on their description, policy developments can be assigned to one or several thematic categories.

Modernising VET offer and delivery

This thematic category looks at what and how individuals learn, how learning content and learning outcomes in initial and continuing VET are defined, adapted and updated. First and foremost, it examines how VET standards, curricula, programmes and training courses are updated and modernised or new ones created. Updated and renewed VET content ensures that learners acquire a balanced mix of competences that address modern demands, and are more closely aligned with the realities of the labour market, including key competences, digital competences and skills for green transition and sustainability, both sector-specific and across sectors. Using learning outcomes as a basis is important to facilitate this modernisation, including modularisation of VET programmes. Updating and developing teaching and learning materials to support the above is also part of the category.

The thematic category continues to focus on strengthening high-quality and inclusive apprenticeships and work-based learning in real-life work environments and in line with the European framework for quality and effective apprenticeships. It looks at expanding apprenticeship to continuing vocational training and at developing VET programmes at EQF levels 5-8 for better permeability and lifelong learning and to support the need for higher vocational skills.

This thematic category also focuses on VET delivery through a mix of open, digital and participative learning environments, including workplaces conducive to learning, which are flexible, more adaptable to the ways individuals learn, and provide more access and outreach to various groups of learners, diversifying modes of learning and exploiting the potential of digital learning solutions and blended learning to complement face-to-face learning.

Centres of vocational excellence that connect VET to innovation and skill ecosystems and facilitate stronger cooperation with business and research also fall into this category.

Acquiring key competences

This thematic sub-category refers to acquisition of key competences and basic skills for all, from an early age and throughout their life, including those acquired as part of qualifications and curricula. Key competences include knowledge, skills and attitudes needed by all for personal fulfilment and development, employability and lifelong learning, social inclusion, active citizenship and sustainable awareness. Key competences include literacy; multilingual; science, technology, engineering and mathematical (STEM); digital; personal, social and learning to learn; active citizenship, entrepreneurship, cultural awareness and expression (Council of the European Union, 2018).

European priorities in VET

EU priorities in VET and LLL are set in the Council Recommendation for VET for sustainable competitiveness, social fairness and resilience, adopted on 24 November 2020 and in the Osnabrück Declaration on VET endorsed on 30 November 2020.

VET Recommendation

  • VET agile in adapting to labour market challenges

Subsystem

Part of the vocational education and training and lifelong learning systems the policy development applies to.
IVET

Further reading

Sources for further reading where readers can find more information on policy developments: links to official documents, dedicated websites, project pages. Some sources may only be available in national languages.

Country

Type of development

Policy developments are divided into three types: strategy/action plan; regulation/legislation; and practical measure/initiative.
Practical measure/Initiative
Cite as
Cedefop and Refernet (2023). Learner STEM and vocational competences competitions: Bulgaria. Timeline of VET policies in Europe. [online tool] https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/tools/timeline-vet-policies-europe/search/28065