Timeline
  • 2021Design
  • 2022Completed
ID number
41548

Background

A brief overview of the context and rationale of the policy development, explaining why it is implemented or why it is important.

According to projections, Norway will have a shortage of approximately 100 000 skilled workers by 2030 so the Norwegian government needs more people to take a craft or trade certificate. To counteract the projection, the number of learners signing an apprenticeship contract needs to be raised. According to proposition 1S (2019-20), the Ministry of Education and Research shall investigate the possibility of a national apprenticeship portal, where companies can post current and future apprenticeship vacancies, and which will simplify the dissemination of apprenticeships vacancies.

Objectives

Goals and objectives of the policy development.

The objective is to simplify the process of communication concerning vacant apprenticeships and to map the needs of apprentices at national level.

Description

What/How/Who/For whom/When of the policy development in detail, explaining its activities and annual progress, main actors and target groups.

The Directorate for Higher Education and Skills (previously Skills Norway), and the Directorate for Education and Training, have to assess how a national portal may simplify the matching of learners and apprenticeship placements and needs.

The directorates studied models for, and the costs of, developing and operating a national apprenticeship portal. They also suggested different solutions. It was a requirement that at least one of the solutions had to be able to be implemented within the current budget and one solution should have all functionalities.

The directorates conducted a needs assessment that included students and apprentices, vocational teachers and trainers, school leaders, county career guidance managers, training offices and companies.

The beneficiaries of the apprenticeship portal are learners, apprentices, companies and county municipalities. The county municipalities are responsible for upper secondary education. If a learner does not find an apprenticeship placement, the county is obliged to arrange learning in school.

2021
Design

The report was published in May 2021. It offered three different solutions for an apprenticeship portal:

  1. cost-free option: increased sharing of data between the national portal for upper secondary education and other players, to ensure a better flow of information between school, learner, county and enterprises;
  2. low-cost option: regional apprenticeship portals;
  3. cost option: a national apprenticeship portal which includes information about enterprises, apprentices, training offices and applicants. The display needs to be adapted to the end-user's county.
2022
Completed

The Directorate for Higher Education and Skills (HK-dir) has developed a new version of a website that provides an overview of potential companies offering apprenticeships. With a simple search, learners can find apprenticeship companies in their local area and n their chosen occupation. The website provides additional support to learners by suggesting relevant companies, in addition to the structures already in place in the counties through schools, training offices and other schemes.

The new version of the website is adapted to learners who want to find an apprenticeship, but also contains functionalities for professional users, such as career guidance supervisors. It contains an overview of more than 1.1 million companies and more than 20 000 approved apprenticeship companies.

All data is updated either nightly or monthly.

The website displayed company data from several sources compiled into an online service and was adapted for learners. The sources include data from NAV's State Register of Employers and Employees, the counties' joint IT company Vigo, the Brønnøysund Register Centre, and other private and public registers for various business approval schemes.

Bodies responsible

This section lists main bodies that are responsible for the implementation of the policy development or for its specific parts or activities, as indicated in the regulatory acts. The responsibilities are usually explained in its description.
  • Ministry of Education and Research (KD)

Target groups

Those who are positively and directly affected by the measures of the policy development; those on the list are specifically defined in the EU VET policy documents. A policy development can be addressed to one or several target groups.

Learners

  • Learners in upper secondary, including apprentices

Education professionals

  • Guidance practitioners

Entities providing VET

  • Companies
  • VET providers (all kinds)

Thematic categories

Thematic categories capture main aspects of the decision-making and operation of national VET and LLL systems. These broad areas represent key elements that all VET and LLL systems have to different extents and in different combinations, and which come into focus depending on the EU and national priorities. Thematic categories are further divided into thematic sub-categories. Based on their description, policy developments can be assigned to one or several thematic categories.

Modernising VET offer and delivery

This thematic category looks at what and how individuals learn, how learning content and learning outcomes in initial and continuing VET are defined, adapted and updated. First and foremost, it examines how VET standards, curricula, programmes and training courses are updated and modernised or new ones created. Updated and renewed VET content ensures that learners acquire a balanced mix of competences that address modern demands, and are more closely aligned with the realities of the labour market, including key competences, digital competences and skills for green transition and sustainability, both sector-specific and across sectors. Using learning outcomes as a basis is important to facilitate this modernisation, including modularisation of VET programmes. Updating and developing teaching and learning materials to support the above is also part of the category.

The thematic category continues to focus on strengthening high-quality and inclusive apprenticeships and work-based learning in real-life work environments and in line with the European framework for quality and effective apprenticeships. It looks at expanding apprenticeship to continuing vocational training and at developing VET programmes at EQF levels 5-8 for better permeability and lifelong learning and to support the need for higher vocational skills.

This thematic category also focuses on VET delivery through a mix of open, digital and participative learning environments, including workplaces conducive to learning, which are flexible, more adaptable to the ways individuals learn, and provide more access and outreach to various groups of learners, diversifying modes of learning and exploiting the potential of digital learning solutions and blended learning to complement face-to-face learning.

Centres of vocational excellence that connect VET to innovation and skill ecosystems and facilitate stronger cooperation with business and research also fall into this category.

Reinforcing work-based learning, including apprenticeships

This thematic sub-category covers all developments related to work-based learning (WBL) elements in VET programmes and apprenticeships which continue to be important in the policy agenda. It includes measures to stabilise the offer of apprenticeships, the implementation of the European framework for quality and effective apprenticeships, and using the EU on-demand support services and policy learning initiatives among the Member States. It also covers further expansion of apprenticeships and WBL to continuing VET (CVET), for transition to work and inclusion of vulnerable groups, and for improving citizens’ qualification levels.

Supporting lifelong learning culture and increasing participation

Lifelong learning refers to all learning (formal, non-formal or informal) taking place at all stages in life and resulting in an improvement or update in knowledge, skills, competences and attitudes or in participation in society from a personal, civic, cultural, social or employment-related perspective (Erasmus+, Glossary of terms, https://erasmus-plus.ec.europa.eu/programme-guide/part-d/glossary-common-terms). A systemic approach to CVET is crucial to ensure adaptability to evolving demands.

This broad thematic category looks at ways of creating opportunities and ensuring access to re-skilling and upskilling pathways, allowing individuals to progress smoothly in their learning throughout their lives with better permeability between general and vocational education and training, and better integration and compatibility between initial and continuing VET and with higher education. Individuals should be supported in acquiring and updating their skills and competences and navigating easily through education and training systems. Strategies and campaigns that promote VET and LLL as an attractive and high-quality pathway, providing quality lifelong guidance and tailored support to design learning and career paths, and various incentives (financial and non-financial) to attract and support participation in VET and LLL fall into this thematic category as well.

This thematic category also includes many initiatives on making VET inclusive and ensuring equal education and training opportunities for various groups of learners, regardless of their personal and economic background and place of residence – especially those at risk of disadvantage or exclusion, such as persons with disabilities, the low-skilled and low-qualified, minorities, migrants, refugees and others.

Promotion strategies and campaigns for VET and lifelong learning

This thematic sub-category refers to initiatives that promote VET and lifelong learning implemented at any level and by any stakeholder. It also covers measures to ensure and broaden access to information about VET to various target groups, including targeted information and promotional campaigns (e.g. for parents, adult learners, vulnerable groups). Among others, it includes national skill competitions and fairs organised to attract learners to VET.

European priorities in VET

EU priorities in VET and LLL are set in the Council Recommendation for VET for sustainable competitiveness, social fairness and resilience, adopted on 24 November 2020 and in the Osnabrück Declaration on VET endorsed on 30 November 2020.

Osnabrück Declaration

  • Resilience and excellence through quality, inclusive and flexible VET

Subsystem

Part of the vocational education and training and lifelong learning systems the policy development applies to.
IVET

Further reading

Sources for further reading where readers can find more information on policy developments: links to official documents, dedicated websites, project pages. Some sources may only be available in national languages.

Country

Type of development

Policy developments are divided into three types: strategy/action plan; regulation/legislation; and practical measure/initiative.
Strategy/Action plan
Cite as
Cedefop and ReferNet (2023). Apprenticeship portal: Norway. Timeline of VET policies in Europe. [online tool] https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/tools/timeline-vet-policies-europe/search/41548