An increasing number of qualifications – certificates and diplomas – are awarded at international level, outside the jurisdiction of national authorities. These ‘non-State’ qualifications have been developed and are awarded by a wide range of bodies, organisations and companies addressing various purposes. What unites this extreme variety of qualifications is that they are not restricted to a particular national system or territory. They are all qualifications whose exchange value is defined outside traditional national qualifications systems. This raises some key questions and challenges for policy-makers as well as users – be they individual citizens or employers. This report is a first effort to increase transparency in this field, notably by pointing to existing sources and clarifying the concepts to be used for mapping and analysis.
Publication details
Tiedostojen lataus
International qualifications