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This website as well as the publications and online tools accessible via this website may contain UK data and analysis based on research conducted before the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union on 31 January 2020. EU averages or other statistical parameters including the UK reflect the situation in the European Union before 31 January 2020 and should not be considered as representative of the situation in the EU thereafter. Any data or information pertaining to the UK will be gradually phased out from Cedefop’s website, publications and online tools, as ongoing research projects with the United Kingdom’s participation are concluded.
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EuropeCedefop's medium-term skills forecasts have proven very popular. But how does the skills project approach the topic and draw conclusions? This publication provides an overview of the methods underpinning the project. Cedefop’s forecast is not intended to replace forecasting efforts in...
According to the forecasts, assuming a slow but steady recovery, up to 2020, the European economy will create some eight million new jobs. However, nearly 10 times as many jobs, around 75 million, will need to be filled as people retire or leave the workforce. Although there will be job openings...
Slowly but steadily, the attitude towards population ageing is changing in Europe. Early reports had described it as a demographic time bomb with negative consequences for economies and societies. But these changes are increasingly seen as harbingers of opportunity and the emerging ‘silver...
European countries have set themselves 22 specific goals by 2014 to support their long-term vision for vocational education and training (VET). This report is a first step in understanding progress by mid-2012 towards these goals, endorsed in 2010 in the Bruges communiqué to help achieve the...
The past decade has seen intense curriculum reform in vocational education in Europe. Learning outcomes now provide the foundation for curriculum design in all European countries seeking to make vocational training more attractive and responsive to leaners’ and labour market needs. This...
Ireland
Cedefop’s fourth annual report on developments in national qualification frameworks (NQFs) in Europe confirms that these frameworks are considered a key way of making qualifications easier to understand and compare within and between countries. It has also found that such frameworks are...
Cedefop has long tracked the changing roles and professional development of teachers and trainers in vocational education and training. In this publication, it analyses nineteen Member State initiatives which aim to set out competence requirements for trainers in adult learning and continuing...
Some 25 study visits held between 2010 and 2012 focused on helping vulnerable adults tackle the labour market. They covered, among other things, how to access guidance services; how to make full use of knowledge, skills and competences, and how to get them recognised; how to participate in...
Cedefop’s new publication provides a statistical overview of vocational education and training and lifelong learning in European countries. Data are based on international statistics enabling comparisons of countries and statistical averages for the European Union. This report, a first...
People, organisations and governments invest in vocational education and training (VET) because of its positive outcomes, such as higher wages, improved productivity and economic growth. But VET also brings non-economic benefits, such as lower absenteeism and less crime. Research on VET’s...
Relative to medium-level general education, there is evidence that vocational graduates enjoy a faster transition to work and are more likely to have a permanent first job in line with their qualifications. But there are substantial differences between countries. Benefits for vocational...
LithuaniaAs one of the fastest growing economies of Europe, Lithuania considers investment in human resources paramount. This requires making IVET more attractive to young people and, despite high educational attainment levels, encouraging more adults to develop their skills further. Improved vocational...
Croatia
